论文标题

无需量子计算机的量子计算:数据库搜索和数据处理使用经典波叠加

Quantum Computing without Quantum Computers: Database Search and Data Processing Using Classical Wave Superposition

论文作者

Balynskiy, Michael, Chiang, Howard, Gutierrez, David, Kozhevnikov, Alexander, Filimonov, Yuri, Khitun, Alexander

论文摘要

量子计算是一个新兴的科学领域,最终将使我们进入具有功能的新型和强大的逻辑设备,远远超出了当前基于晶体管的技术的限制。量子计算机可以比传统数字计算机更快地求解量子计算机的某些类型的问题。有一些量子算法既需要叠加和纠缠(例如,Shor算法)。但是,由于Deutsch和Jozsa而言,Grover算法和最初的量子算法都不需要纠缠。是否可以利用经典的波叠加来加速数据库搜索?劳埃德(S. Lloyd)分析了这个有趣的问题。得出的结论是,依赖波浪干扰的经典设备可以在经典数字设备上与量子设备相同的加速。使用光束叠加来模拟Grover算法,有几项实验性工作。结论是,使用经典波浪叠加的使用是资源呈指数增长的成本。从那时起,人们普遍认为,将经典波叠加用于量子算法不可避免地会导致指数资源开销(设备数量,功耗,精度要求)。在这项工作中,我们描述了一种经典的Oracle机器,该机器利用经典的波浪叠加来进行数据库搜索和数据处理。我们使用自旋波叠加介绍了磁数据库搜索的实验数据。数据显示,数字计算机上没有任何指数资源开销。我们认为,在某些情况下,基于经典波浪的方法可以在数据库搜索中提供与量子计算机相同的加速。

Quantum computing is an emerging field of science which will eventually lead us to new and powerful logic devices with capabilities far beyond the limits of current transistor-based technology. There are certain types of problems which quantum computers can solve fundamentally faster than the tradition digital computers. There are quantum algorithms which require both superposition and entanglement (e.g. Shor algorithm). But neither the Grover algorithm nor the very first quantum algorithm due to Deutsch and Jozsa need entanglement. Is it possible to utilize classical wave superposition to speedup database search? This interesting question was analyzed by S. Lloyd. It was concluded that classical devices that rely on wave interference may provide the same speedup over classical digital devices as quantum devices. There were several experimental works using optical beam superposition for emulating Grover algorithm. It was concluded that the use of classical wave superposition comes with the cost of exponential increase of the resources. Since then, it is widely believed that the use of classical wave superposition for quantum algorithms is inevitably leading to an exponential resources overhead (number of devices, power consumption, precision requirements). In this work, we describe a classical Oracle machine which utilizes classical wave superposition for database search and data processing. We present experimental data on magnetic database search using spin wave superposition. The data show a fundamental speedup over the digital computers without any exponential resource overhead. We argue that in some cases the classical wave-based approach may provide the same speedup in database search as quantum computers.

扫码加入交流群

加入微信交流群

微信交流群二维码

扫码加入学术交流群,获取更多资源