论文标题

网络上自动驾驶汽车的动态驾驶和路由游戏:一种平均现场游戏方法

Dynamic driving and routing games for autonomous vehicles on networks: A mean field game approach

论文作者

Huang, Kuang, Chen, Xu, Di, Xuan, Du, Qiang

论文摘要

本文旨在回答有关自动驾驶汽车决策过程(AV)最佳设计的研究问题,包括在运输网络上进行动态选择驾驶速度和路线选择。动态流量分配(DTA)已被广泛用于建模旅行者的路线选择或/和出发时间选择,并在短期内预测动态交通流的演变。但是,现有的DTA型号并未明确描述一个人在道路链路上选择的驾驶速度。驾驶速度选择对于建模人类驾驶员的运动可能并不重要,但这是操纵AV的必备控制。在本文中,我们旨在开发一种游戏理论模型,以解决AVS在路口节点的道路链路和路线选择内部的速度控制最佳驾驶策略。为此,我们将首先将DTA问题重新诠释为N-卡车差异游戏,并证明可以使用一般的均值现场游戏理论框架来解决该游戏。由于速度控制的前进和后退结构以及路线选择的互补条件,因此开发的平均现场游戏要解决。开发了一种有效的算法来应对这些挑战。在Braess网络和具有单个目的地的OW网络上说明了模型和算法。在Braess网络上,我们首先将基于LWR的DTA模型与拟议的游戏进行比较,并发现驾驶和路由控制导航为总体成本较低的AVS。然后,我们将没有和中间链接的总旅行成本进行比较,并发现在某些条件下仍可能出现胸罩悖论。我们还测试了OW网络上提出的模型和解决方案算法。

This paper aims to answer the research question as to optimal design of decision-making processes for autonomous vehicles (AVs), including dynamical selection of driving velocity and route choices on a transportation network. Dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) has been widely used to model travelers's route choice or/and departure-time choice and predict dynamic traffic flow evolution in the short term. However, the existing DTA models do not explicitly describe one's selection of driving velocity on a road link. Driving velocity choice may not be crucial for modeling the movement of human drivers but it is a must-have control to maneuver AVs. In this paper, we aim to develop a game-theoretic model to solve for AVs's optimal driving strategies of velocity control in the interior of a road link and route choice at a junction node. To this end, we will first reinterpret the DTA problem as an N-car differential game and show that this game can be tackled with a general mean field game-theoretic framework. The developed mean field game is challenging to solve because of the forward and backward structure for velocity control and the complementarity conditions for route choice. An efficient algorithm is developed to address these challenges. The model and the algorithm are illustrated on the Braess network and the OW network with a single destination. On the Braess network, we first compare the LWR based DTA model with the proposed game and find that the driving and routing control navigates AVs with overall lower costs. We then compare the total travel cost without and with the middle link and find that the Braess paradox may still arise under certain conditions. We also test our proposed model and solution algorithm on the OW network.

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