论文标题
年轻的中子星和深色仪表的冷却
Cooling of young neutron stars and dark gauge bosons
论文作者
论文摘要
在核子超流体存在下的标准冷却方案非常适合对中子星的观察。这意味着出色的冷却参数可能对新颗粒的特性施加严格的约束。我们特别研究了非常年轻的中子星的深色仪表玻色子引起的冷却速率：Cassiopeia A和SN1987A的残余。冷却主要是由核心对中的核子对破裂和形成的贡献，或者由地壳中的电子bremsstrahlung取决于恒星的年龄和耦合的形式。我们计算了年轻中子星的冷却曲线可以通过多余的深色仪表发射来修饰多少，并在其质量低于$ \ MATHCAL {O}（O}（0.1）\，{\ rm Mev} $时，获得了深色量规玻色子的绑定；对于黑暗光子，我们找到混合参数次其质量$ \ varepsilon m_ {γ^\ prime} <1.5 \ times 10^{ - 8} \，{\ rm mev} $和$ {\ rm u}（\ rm u}（1）_ {b-l-l-l-l-l-loson is couge boson unton its $ eple undose unton its $ eple^uneple undo 10^{ - 13} $。我们还讨论了CAS A的快速冷却可能为存在$ {\ rm u}（1）_ {b-l} $ gauge boson提供暗示的可能性。
The standard cooling scenario in the presence of nucleon superfluidity fits rather well to the observation of the neutron stars. It implies that the stellar cooling arguments could place a stringent constraint on the properties of novel particles. We study in particular the cooling rate induced by dark gauge bosons for very young neutron stars: remnants of Cassiopeia A and SN1987A. The cooling is dominantly contributed either by the nucleon pair breaking and formation in the core or by the electron bremsstrahlung in the crust, depending on the age of the stars and the form of the couplings. We compute how much the cooling curve of the young neutron stars could be modified by the extra dark gauge boson emission and obtain the bound for the dark gauge boson when its mass is lower than $\mathcal{O}(0.1)\,{\rm MeV}$; for the dark photon we find the mixing parameter times its mass $\varepsilon m_{γ^\prime} < 1.5 \times 10^{-8}\,{\rm MeV}$ and for the ${\rm U}(1)_{B-L}$ gauge boson its coupling to nucleons and electrons $e^\prime < 10^{-13}$. We also discuss the possibility that the rapid cooling of Cas A might provide a hint for the existence of the ${\rm U}(1)_{B-L}$ gauge boson.
