论文标题

验证电活动聚合物的模型

Validation of a model for an electro-active polymer

论文作者

Tixier, Mireille, Pouget, Joël

论文摘要

离子电活性聚合物(EAP)能够在电场的作用下变形,这将它们作为传感器,执行器或能量回收率赋予了许多应用。一个离子金属 - 聚合物复合材料(IPMC)组成的离子聚合物在两侧覆盖的离子聚合物膜组成,两侧都覆盖了一层金属电极。聚合物充满水,这导致其准完全解离:负离子保持与聚合物主链结合,可以将其视为多孔培养基,并且在水中释放了小阳离子。当应用与条带的电场正交时,阳离子向负电极移动并通过渗透延伸,从而导致条带的弯曲。该模型已应用于悬臂EAP条的情况下,其两个面之间的电压(静态情况)。由于弯曲的幅度很大,因此使用大型位移中的梁模型计算施加力和挠度。我们还研究了阻止自由端移动的阻塞力的情况。材料介电常数可能会随着阳离子的浓度而增加,因此我们比较了几个介电常数模型:恒定,线性和仿射功能。在Nafion的情况下进行了数量模拟。方程系统的分辨率使我们能够绘制各种量的剖面(阳离子浓度,电势和诱导,压力),它们在电极附近发生了巨大变化。获得的尖端位移和阻断力值非常适合文献中发表的实验数据。我们还研究了条纹几何形状的影响,这对于三个模型都是相同的。相反,这两个数量用施加的电势的变化取决于所选的介电效率模型,从而可以区分它们。

Ionic electro-active polymers (EAP) are able to deform under the action of an electric field, which confers them many applications as sensor, actuator or energy recovery.An ionic metal-polymer composite (IPMC) consists in an ionic polymer film coated on both sides with a thin layer of metallic electrodes. The polymer is saturated with water, which results in its quasi complete dissociation : negative ions remain bound to the polymer backbone, which can be considered as a porous medium, and small cations are released in water. When an electric field orthogonal to the strip is applied, the cations move towards the negative electrode and carry solvent away by osmosis, causing the bending of the strip.We had previously established the conservation laws and the constitutive equations of this material. This model has been applied to the case of a cantilevered EAP strip subjected to a continuous voltage between its two faces (static case). Since the amplitude of the bending is large, the applied forces and the deflection are calculated using a beam model in large displacements. We also studied the case of a blocking force preventing the free end from moving. The material permittivity may increase with cations concentration, so we have compared several permittivity models : constant, linear and affine functions.Numerical simulations were performed in the case of Nafion. The resolution of the equations system enabled us to draw the profiles of various quantities (cations concentration, electric potential and induction, pressure), which drastically vary near the electrodes. The tip displacement and blocking force values obtained fit well the experimental data published in the literature. We also studied the influence of the strip geometry, which is identical for the three models. On the contrary, the variations of these two quantities with the imposed electric potential depend on the chosen permittivity model, which allows to discriminate them.

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