论文标题

魔杖 - 静音:加速的三维准静态粒子粒子代码

WAND-PIC: an accelerated three-dimensional quasi-static particle-in-cell code

论文作者

Wang, Tianhong, Khudik, Vladimir, Kim, Jihoon, Shvets, Gennady

论文摘要

我们引入了一个准静态粒子中的粒子(PIC)代码 - 魔杖 - PIC-,该代码并不遭受许多准静态图片的常见局限性,例如需要在求解电磁场时需要预测器 - 矫正器方法。我们在准静态(QS)近似下得出场方程,并找到横等离子体电流的“时间”导数的明确形式。之后,可以在不使用预测器 - 校正方法的情况下准确求解磁场的方程。因此,算法设计和代码结构被大大简化。借助显式准静态方程和我们的自适应步长,可以有效地模拟由大型梁电荷驱动的等离子体气泡,而不会遭受与预测器 - 扭转器方法相关的数值不稳定性。此外,魔杖 - 皮克能够通过亚周期的方法模拟高频激光场和梁颗粒之间的复杂相互作用。介绍了魔杖 - PIC与第一原则完整PIC代码(VLPL)之间的比较。魔杖 - 派克是开源的,完全三维,并与内部的多机求解器并行。在这项工作中还讨论了可扩展性,时间复杂性和并行化效率多达数千个核心。

We introduce a quasi-static particle-in-cell (PIC) code -- WAND-PIC -- which does not suffer from some of the common limitations of many quasi-static PICs, such as the need for a predictor-corrector method in solving electromagnetic fields. We derive the field equations under quasi-static (QS) approximation and find the explicit form of the "time" derivative of the transverse plasma current. After that, equations for the magnetic fields can be solved exactly without using the predictor-corrector method. Algorithm design and code structure are thus greatly simplified. With the help of explicit quasi-static equations and our adaptive step size, plasma bubbles driven by the large beam charges can be simulated efficiently without suffering from the numerical instabilities associated with the predictor-corrector method. In addition, WAND-PIC is able to simulate the sophisticated interactions between high-frequency laser fields and beam particles through the method of sub-cycling. Comparisons between the WAND-PIC and a first-principle full PIC code (VLPL) are presented. WAND-PIC is open-source, fully three-dimensional, and parallelized with the in-house multigrid solver. Scalability, time complexity, and parallelization efficiency up to thousands of cores are also discussed in this work.

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