论文标题
太阳周期的时间分布24个黑子组：与循环的比较12-23
Temporal Distribution of Solar Cycle 24 Sunspot Groups: Comparison to Cycles 12-23
论文作者
论文摘要
我们分析了SC12-SC24范围内的黑子组的时间分布和奇数循环。看来24周期是一个特征性的偶数周期，尽管幅度较低。循环24的大太阳生成组的数量相对较小，均比平均均匀和奇数循环SC12-SC23的平均值，并且在周期中间，大组的大幅下降。偶数循环的黑子群的时间演变是非同步的，因此北半球的分布较早地提高了南半球群体。这导致平均均匀周期的双峰结构。另一方面，奇数循环的黑子组的分布同时最大化。我们表明，这种双峰结构增强了偶数周期的Gnevyshev差距（GG），但不是其主要原因。相反，我们表明GG存在于均匀和奇数周期，并且分别存在于两个半球上。我们将所有循环重新采样为3945天的数量，并研究平均总组面积和平均组面积和奇数周期的平均组面积的差异。分析表明，在周期开始后的1445天（约四年）的偶数周期中，总面积和平均面积都在下降，对于总面积和平均面积至少有99％的意义。奇数周期没有那么明显的下降。
We analyze the temporal distribution of sunspot groups for even and odd cycles in the range SC12-SC24. It seems that cycle 24 is a characteristic even cycle, although with low amplitude. The number of large sunspot groups for cycle 24 is relatively smaller than for the average of both even and odd cycles SC12-SC23, and there is a deep decline of the large groups in the middle of the cycle. Temporal evolution of the sunspot groups of the even cycles is non-synchronous such that the northern hemisphere distribution of groups maximizes earlier that the southern hemisphere groups. This leads to a double-peak structure for the average even cycle. On the other hand, the distributions of the sunspot groups of odd cycles maximize simultaneously. We show that this double-peak structure intensifies the Gnevyshev gap (GG) for the even cycles, but is not its primary cause. On the contrary, we show that the GG exists for even and odd cycles, and separately on both hemispheres. We resample all cycles to have equal number of 3945 days and study the difference in the evolution of average total group area and average group area of the even and odd cycles separately. The analysis shows that there is a decline in both total area and average area in the even cycles 1445 days (about four years) after the beginning of the cycle, which is at least 99 % significant for both total and average area. The odd cycles do not have such a clear decline.
