论文标题
从实验室实验中远程确定木星涡流的形状
Remote determination of the shape of Jupiter's vortices from laboratory experiments
论文作者
论文摘要
木星的动力学塑造了其云模式，但在这个自然的观察障碍下仍然在很大程度上未知。因此，揭开基本的三维流是NASA在2011年启动的Juno任务的主要目标。在这里，我们使用理论和数值分析补充的实验室实验来解决大型Jovian涡流的动态。我们确定负责其三维薄煎饼状形状的通用力量平衡。由此，我们定义了其水平和垂直纵横比的缩放定律，这是环境旋转，分层和区域风速的函数的函数。特别是对于大红色斑点而言，我们预测的水平尺寸与自1979年旅行者任务以来的云水平的测量非常吻合。我们还可以预测，直接观察不可接受的红色点的厚度是不可接受的：尽管观察到的水平收缩，但它仍然恒定。现在，我们的结果正在等待与即将进行的Juno观测值进行比较。
Jupiter's dynamics shapes its cloud patterns but remains largely unknown below this natural observational barrier. Unraveling the underlying three-dimensional flows is thus a primary goal for NASA's ongoing Juno mission that was launched in 2011. Here, we address the dynamics of large Jovian vortices using laboratory experiments complemented by theoretical and numerical analyses. We determine the generic force balance responsible for their three-dimensional pancake-like shape. From this, we define scaling laws for their horizontal and vertical aspect ratios as a function of the ambient rotation, stratification and zonal wind velocity. For the Great Red Spot in particular, our predicted horizontal dimensions agree well with measurements at the cloud level since the Voyager mission in 1979. We additionally predict the Great Red Spot's thickness, inaccessible to direct observation: it has surprisingly remained constant despite the observed horizontal shrinking. Our results now await comparison with upcoming Juno observations.
