论文标题
通过分析经验分解场分布的液态氦气中直流电崩解的研究
A study of DC electrical breakdown in liquid helium through analysis of the empirical breakdown field distributions
论文作者
论文摘要
我们报告了使用近均匀场不锈钢电极的液态氦气崩溃研究的结果，其应力面积为$ \ sim $ 0.725 cm $^2 $。对于1.7 K和4.0 K之间的温度，饱和蒸气压和626 Torr之间的压力以及带有不同表面抛光剂的电极，获得了分解场的分布。提出了一种基于数据的方法，用于确定分解场的电极表面面积缩放。从分解场分布数据中提取的崩溃概率对场强的依赖性用于表明分解是一种表面现象与福勒 - 诺德海姆田间发射从阴极上的浅层脉冲紧密相关。我们表明，该分析的结果为假定的电极间隙尺寸效果提供了解释，还可以确定任意形状电极的崩溃场分布。最重要的是，这项工作中提出的分析方法可以扩展到其他贵族液体，以探索这些媒体中电崩溃的依赖性。
We report results from a study on electrical breakdown in liquid helium using near-uniform-field stainless steel electrodes with a stressed area of $\sim$0.725 cm$^2$. The distribution of the breakdown field is obtained for temperatures between 1.7 K and 4.0 K, pressures between the saturated vapor pressure and 626 Torr, and with electrodes of different surface polishes. A data-based approach for determining the electrode-surface-area scaling of the breakdown field is presented. The dependence of the breakdown probability on the field strength as extracted from the breakdown field distribution data is used to show that breakdown is a surface phenomenon closely correlated with Fowler-Nordheim field emission from asperities on the cathode. We show that the results from this analysis provides an explanation for the supposed electrode gap-size effect and also allows for a determination of the breakdown-field distribution for arbitrary shaped electrodes. Most importantly, the analysis method presented in this work can be extended to other noble liquids to explore the dependencies for electrical breakdown in those media.
