论文标题
Atacama大型孔径亚毫米望远镜（Atlast）
The Atacama Large Aperture Submillimetre Telescope (AtLAST)
论文作者
论文摘要
宇宙中气体和尘埃的最冷，最致密的结构在（子）毫米带（$ν\ 30-950 $ 〜GHz）上具有独特的光谱特征。当前的单盘设施已经瞥见了发现的潜力，而亚MM干涉仪对已知目标或小区域深区的细节呈现了高分辨率的视图。然而，现在我们对这种寒冷和密集结构的理解的重大进展受到了在较大尺度上对宇宙的亚MM视图的有限敏感性和角度分辨率的阻碍。 在这种情况下，我们介绍了2030年代新的变革型天文设施的案例，即Atacama大型孔径望远镜（Atlast）。 Atlast是一个50 m级的单盘望远镜的概念，其高吞吐量由2〜度直径的视场提供，位于Atacama的高干燥地点，具有良好的大气变速箱，高达$ν\ sim 1 $ 〜thz，并且由可再生能源完全供电。 我们将Atlast视为由国际合作伙伴与一套工具一起运营的设施，以交付当前或建筑物内观测者无法实现的变革性科学。作为50m直径的望远镜，具有完整的先进仪器的补充，包括高度多重的高分辨率光谱仪，连续摄像机和整体场单元，Atlast将比当前或计划中的大型光圈（$> 1200万美元）的设施绘制速度数百倍。通过在遥远的宇宙中达到低于L $ _*$的混淆极限，在银河中心的距离上解决低质量的原始核心核心，并直接绘制了银河系的寒冷和热（Sunyaev-Zeldovich效应）的热（Sunyaev-Zeldovich效应），Atlast将对Sub-Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mm Mmmm contlasties carlactic介质。
The coldest and densest structures of gas and dust in the Universe have unique spectral signatures across the (sub-)millimetre bands ($ν\approx 30-950$~GHz). The current generation of single dish facilities has given a glimpse of the potential for discovery, while sub-mm interferometers have presented a high resolution view into the finer details of known targets or in small-area deep fields. However, significant advances in our understanding of such cold and dense structures are now hampered by the limited sensitivity and angular resolution of our sub-mm view of the Universe at larger scales. In this context, we present the case for a new transformational astronomical facility in the 2030s, the Atacama Large Aperture Submillimetre Telescope (AtLAST). AtLAST is a concept for a 50-m-class single dish telescope, with a high throughput provided by a 2~deg - diameter Field of View, located on a high, dry site in the Atacama with good atmospheric transmission up to $ν\sim 1$~THz, and fully powered by renewable energy. We envision AtLAST as a facility operated by an international partnership with a suite of instruments to deliver the transformative science that cannot be achieved with current or in-construction observatories. As an 50m-diameter telescope with a full complement of advanced instrumentation, including highly multiplexed high-resolution spectrometers, continuum cameras and integral field units, AtLAST will have mapping speeds hundreds of times greater than current or planned large aperture ($>$ 12m) facilities. By reaching confusion limits below L$_*$ in the distant Universe, resolving low-mass protostellar cores at the distance of the Galactic Centre, and directly mapping both the cold and the hot (the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect) circumgalactic medium of galaxies, AtLAST will enable a fundamentally new understanding of the sub-mm Universe.
