论文标题

平均场和Bohmian半古典近似与Rabi模型的比较

Comparison of the mean field and Bohmian semi-classical approximations to the Rabi model

论文作者

Deckert, Dirk-André, Kellers, Leopold, Norsen, Travis, Struyve, Ward

论文摘要

Bohmian力学是不遭受测量问题的标准量子力学的替代方法。尽管它与有关其实验预测的标准量子力学一致,但它提供了后者未提出的新型近似类型。特别令人感兴趣的是半古典近似,其中一部分系统经过经典处理。在没有电磁相互作用的系统之前,已经探索过Bohmian半古典近似值。在这里,Rabi模型被认为是涉及光结合相互作用的简单模型。该模型描述了与两级原子相互作用的单个模式电磁场。众所周知,量子处理和半古典处理(在经典而不是机械处理场上进行治疗)给出了定性不同的结果。我们使用基于Bohmian力学的不同半古典近似分析了RABI模型。在此近似值中,从两级原子到经典场的背反应是由两级原子的Bohmian配置介导的。我们发现Bohmian的半古典近似可提供的结果与平均平均场一号相当,用于地面和第一个激发态之间的过渡。两种半古典近似均倾向于重现种群反转的崩溃,但无法再现复兴,这是完整量子描述的特征。同样,在Bohmian近似表现不佳的情况下,还提供了更高激发态的示例。

Bohmian mechanics is an alternative to standard quantum mechanics that does not suffer from the measurement problem. While it agrees with standard quantum mechanics concerning its experimental predictions, it offers novel types of approximations not suggested by the latter. Of particular interest are semi-classical approximations, where part of the system is treated classically. Bohmian semi-classical approximations have been explored before for systems without electromagnetic interactions. Here, the Rabi model is considered as a simple model involving light-matter interaction. This model describes a single mode electromagnetic field interacting with a two-level atom. As is well-known, the quantum treatment and the semi-classical treatment (where the field is treated classically rather than quantum mechanically) give qualitatively different results. We analyse the Rabi model using a different semi-classical approximation based on Bohmian mechanics. In this approximation, the back-reaction from the two-level atom onto the classical field is mediated by the Bohmian configuration of the two-level atom. We find that the Bohmian semi-classical approximation gives results comparable to the usual mean field one for the transition between ground and first excited state. Both semi-classical approximations tend to reproduce the collapse of the population inversion, but fail to reproduce the revival, which is characteristic of the full quantum description. Also an example of a higher excited state is presented where the Bohmian approximation does not perform so well.

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