论文标题

Beamspace Mimo系统中多个光束的联合跟踪

Joint Tracking of Multiple Beams in Beamspace MIMO Systems

论文作者

Afeef, Liza, Karabacak, Murat, Arslan, Hüseyin

论文摘要

在毫米波(MMWAVE)系统中,需要光束成型来克服苛刻的通道环境。作为一种有前途的波束形成解决方案,镜头天线阵列(LAA)实施可以提供具有成本效益的解决方案,而没有明显的性能降解与对应物相比。但是,适当的光束选择是一个挑战,因为它需要通过广泛的光束训练过程进行高效的通道估算,以使光束对齐。在本文中,我们提出了一个基于无味的卡尔曼滤波器(UKF)的高移动性光束和通道跟踪算法,以应对这一挑战,在该挑战中,可以在一定时间内监视通道变化。提出的算法在与适当的光束建立连接后跟踪通道的变化。该算法首先在多用户Beamspace多输入多输出(MIMO)系统中引入LAA,该系统在下行链路传输处在用户侧跟踪一个光束。然后,它用于上行链路传输的基站侧的多光束关节跟踪。分析表明,在不同的通道变化条件下,所提出的算法超过了单光束和多光束跟踪系统中流行的扩展卡尔曼滤波器(EKF)。尽管在多光束系统方案中单独跟踪梁是常见的,但是与使用常规EKF方法相比,提出的关节跟踪方法可以提供约62%的性能增强功能。

In millimeter-wave (mmWave) systems, beamforming is needed to overcome harsh channel environments. As a promising beamforming solution, lens antenna array (LAA) implementation can provide a cost-effective solution without notable performance degradation compared to its counterpart. However, an appropriate beam selection is a challenge since it requires efficient channel estimation via an extensive beam training process for perfect beam alignment. In this paper, we propose a high mobility beam and channel tracking algorithm based on the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) to address this challenge, where the channel changes can be monitored over a certain time. The proposed algorithm tracks the channel changes after establishing a connection with an appropriate beam. The algorithm is first introduced in a multi-user beamspace multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system with LAA where a single beam is tracked at the user side at downlink transmission. Then, it is employed for multi-beam joint-tracking at the base station side in the uplink transmission. The analysis indicates that under different channel variation conditions, the proposed algorithm outmatches the popular extended Kalman filter (EKF) in both single-beam and multi-beam tracking systems. While it is common to individually track the beams in a multi-beam system scenario, the proposed joint tracking approach can provide around 62% performance enhancement compared to individual beam tracking using the conventional EKF method.

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