论文标题

简单拍卖的无政府状态的价格与相互依存的价值

Price of Anarchy of Simple Auctions with Interdependent Values

论文作者

Eden, Alon, Feldman, Michal, Talgam-Cohen, Inbal, Zviran, Ori

论文摘要

我们通过考虑具有相关值的设置,扩大了同时项目拍卖的无政府状态(POA)价格的文献;我们通过相互依存价值(IDV)的基本经济模型来做到这一点。众所周知,在具有私有值的多项目设置中,相关值可能导致不良POA,这在代理$ n $的数量中可能是多项式的。在IDV的更一般模型中,我们表明即使在单个项目设置中,POA也可以是多项式的。从积极的一面来看,我们确定了市场上信息分散的自然条件,称为$γ$ - 杂种性,这可以提供良好的POA保证。在这种情况下,我们表明,对于单项设置,标准机制的POA用$γ$优雅地降低。对于具有$ m> 1美元项目的设置,我们显示两个域之间的分离:如果$ n \ geq m $,我们在有限的信息不对称下设计了具有良好POA的新的同时拍卖(相对于$γ$)。据我们所知,这是多项目设置中相关值的第一个积极POA结果。建立此结果的主要技术困难是,建立POA结果的标准工具 - 平滑度框架 - 不适合IDV设置,因此我们必须引入新技术来应对此类设置所带来的独特挑战。在$ n \ ll m $的域中,即使对于令人惊讶的简单场景,我们也会建立不可能的结果。

We expand the literature on the price of anarchy (PoA) of simultaneous item auctions by considering settings with correlated values; we do this via the fundamental economic model of interdependent values (IDV). It is well-known that in multi-item settings with private values, correlated values can lead to bad PoA, which can be polynomially large in the number of agents $n$. In the more general model of IDV, we show that the PoA can be polynomially large even in single-item settings. On the positive side, we identify a natural condition on information dispersion in the market, termed $γ$-heterogeneity, which enables good PoA guarantees. Under this condition, we show that for single-item settings, the PoA of standard mechanisms degrades gracefully with $γ$. For settings with $m>1$ items we show a separation between two domains: If $n \geq m$, we devise a new simultaneous item auction with good PoA (with respect to $γ$), under limited information asymmetry. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first positive PoA result for correlated values in multi-item settings. The main technical difficulty in establishing this result is that the standard tool for establishing PoA results -- the smoothness framework -- is unsuitable for IDV settings, and so we must introduce new techniques to address the unique challenges imposed by such settings. In the domain of $n \ll m$, we establish impossibility results even for surprisingly simple scenarios.

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