论文标题
知情的合并测试和定量测定
Informed Pooled Testing with Quantitative Assays
论文作者
论文摘要
当单个测试不具有成本效益时，合并的测试被广泛用于筛查病毒或细菌感染，患病率低。对二进制结果的定性测定进行了汇总测试。但是，使用模拟或经验研究证明了与定量测定合并的特征。我们研究了具有定量测定的三种合并策略的特性：传统的两阶段迷你泵（MP）（Dorfman，1943年），带有反向卷积算法（MPA）（May等，2010）的迷你泵，以及Marker辅助MPA（MMPA（MMPA）（Liu等人，2017年）。 MPA和MMPA在正池之后按顺序测试个体并实施反卷积算法，以确定何时测试可以停止确定所有单个状态。 MMPA使用来自其他可用标记的信息来确定单个测试的最佳顺序。我们得出并比较三种合并方法的一般统计特性。我们表明，使用合适的池尺寸，MP，MPA和MMPA可能比单个测试更具成本效益，并且MMPA优于MPA和MP。为了诊断准确性，MMPA和MPA具有更高的特异性和阳性预测价值，但比MP和个人测试更低的灵敏度和负预测值。本文中包括各种模拟的应用和HIV治疗监测的应用。
Pooled testing is widely used for screening for viral or bacterial infections with low prevalence when individual testing is not cost-efficient. Pooled testing with qualitative assays that give binary results has been well-studied. However, characteristics of pooling with quantitative assays were mostly demonstrated using simulations or empirical studies. We investigate properties of three pooling strategies with quantitative assays: traditional two-stage mini-pooling (MP) (Dorfman, 1943), mini-pooling with deconvolution algorithm (MPA) (May et al., 2010), and marker-assisted MPA (mMPA) (Liu et al., 2017). MPA and mMPA test individuals in a sequence after a positive pool and implement a deconvolution algorithm to determine when testing can cease to ascertain all individual statuses. mMPA uses information from other available markers to determine an optimal order for individual testings. We derive and compare the general statistical properties of the three pooling methods. We show that with a proper pool size, MP, MPA, and mMPA can be more cost-efficient than individual testing, and mMPA is superior to MPA and MP. For diagnostic accuracy, mMPA and MPA have higher specificity and positive predictive value but lower sensitivity and negative predictive value than MP and individual testing. Included in this paper are applications to various simulations and an application for HIV treatment monitoring.
