论文标题
第一个黑星的稳定性和脉动
Stability and pulsation of the first dark stars
论文作者
论文摘要
在宇宙中形成的第一个明亮物体可能不是“普通”的融合动力恒星,而是以弱相互作用的大型颗粒(Wimps)的形式由暗物质(DM)驱动的“暗星”(DSS)。如果被发现,DSS可以提供独特的实验室来测试DM模型。 DSS天生有大量订单$ m_ \ odot $,可能会增长到几百万个太阳能团体;在这项工作中,我们调查了早期DSS的属性,质量最高为$ \ sim \! 1000 \,m_ \ odot $,由wimps燃料,重$ 100 $ GEV。我们将DM能源的先前实施提高到了恒星演化代码MESA中。我们表明,DSS的生长不受天体物理效应的限制:DSS最高$ \ sim \! 1000 \,m_ \ odot $没有任何动力学不稳定性; DSS不受超级 - 埃德丁顿风驱动的大规模损失。我们测试了先前工作的假设,即在整个恒星中注入的每个wimp灭的能量是恒定的。放松此假设不会改变DSS的特性。此外,我们首次使用线性脉动代码GYRE研究了DS脉动。我们发现,大于$ \ sim \的质量DSS中的声学模式! 200 \,m_ \ odot $受到$κ-γ$和$γ$机制的激发,而氢或氦气(部分)离子化。此外,我们表明,与增生率相比,脉动可能引起的质量损失率可以忽略不计。
The first bright objects to form in the Universe might not have been "ordinary" fusion-powered stars, but "Dark Stars" (DSs) powered by the annihilation of dark matter (DM) in the form of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs). If discovered, DSs can provide a unique laboratory to test DM models. DSs are born with a mass of order $M_\odot$ and may grow to a few million solar masses; in this work we investigate the properties of early DSs with masses up to $\sim \! 1000 \, M_\odot$, fueled by WIMPS weighing $100$ GeV. We improve the previous implementation of the DM energy source into the stellar evolution code MESA. We show that the growth of DSs is not limited by astrophysical effects: DSs up to $\sim \! 1000 \, M_\odot$ exhibit no dynamical instabilities; DSs are not subject to mass-loss driven by super-Eddington winds. We test the assumption of previous work that the injected energy per WIMP annihilation is constant throughout the star; relaxing this assumption does not change the properties of the DSs. Furthermore, we study DS pulsations, for the first time investigating non-adiabatic pulsation modes, using the linear pulsation code GYRE. We find that acoustic modes in DSs of masses smaller than $\sim \! 200 \, M_\odot$ are excited by the $κ-γ$ and $γ$ mechanism in layers where hydrogen or helium is (partially) ionized. Moreover, we show that the mass-loss rates potentially induced by pulsations are negligible compared to the accretion rates.