论文标题
液 - 液相分离在调节酶活性中的作用
The role of liquid-liquid phase separation in regulating enzyme activity
论文作者
论文摘要
现在，液态液相分离被认为是调节细胞中酶活性的常见机制。细胞研究的见解得到了旨在更好地理解这种控制的机制的体外研究。这些机制通常基于LLP对酶环境的物理化学特性的影响。这种调节的生化机制包括将浓缩反应物浓缩，调整反应速率和控制竞争代谢途径的潜力。因此，LLP是一种强大的工具，具有广泛的电池，例如用于在应力下巩固细胞存活或根据细胞的能量状态重新安装代谢途径。通过检查LLP如何影响酶催化的证据，我们可以开始理解新兴的概念并扩展我们对活细胞中酶催化的理解。
Liquid-liquid phase separation is now recognized as a common mechanism for regulating enzyme activity in cells. Insights from studies in cells are complemented by in vitro studies aimed at developing better understanding of mechanisms underlying such control. These mechanisms are often based on the influence of LLPS on the physicochemical properties of the enzyme's environment. Biochemical mechanisms underlying such regulation include the potential for concentrating reactants together, tuning reaction rates, and controlling competing metabolic pathways. LLPS is thus a powerful tool with extensive utilities for the cell, e.g. for consolidating cell survival under stress or rerouting metabolic pathways in response to the energy state of the cell. By examining the evidence of how LLPS affects enzyme catalysis, we can begin to understand emerging concepts and expand our understanding of enzyme catalysis in living cells.
