论文标题

通过边缘删除在签名网络中的平衡最大化

Balance Maximization in Signed Networks via Edge Deletions

论文作者

Sharma, Kartik, Gillani, Iqra Altaf, Medya, Sourav, Ranu, Sayan, Bagchi, Amitabha

论文摘要

在签名的网络中,每个边缘都标记为正或负面。边缘标志捕获了关系的极性。签名网络的平衡是图理论中的一个经过充分研究的属性。在平衡(子)图中,可以将顶点分为两个子集,其中仅在整个分区中存在负边缘。图表的平衡部分已被证明会提高其成员之间的连贯性,并提高性能。尽管现有作品主要集中在图中找到最大的平衡子图,但我们研究了最大化目标社区平衡的网络设计问题(子图)。特别是,鉴于预算$ b $和签名网络中的一个兴趣社区,我们的目标是通过删除多达$ b $的边缘来使社区接近平衡。除了建立NP硬度外,我们还表明该问题是非单调性和非管状的。为了克服这些计算挑战,我们基于平衡与网络的拉普拉斯频谱的光谱关系提出了启发式方法。由于光谱方法缺乏近似保证,因此我们进一步设计了一种贪婪的算法及其随机版本,其近似质量具有可证明的界限。边界是通过利用平衡最大化函数的伪单位性来得出的。对八个现实世界签名网络的经验评估确定,所提出的算法对具有数百万边缘的图表有效,有效且可扩展。

In signed networks, each edge is labeled as either positive or negative. The edge sign captures the polarity of a relationship. Balance of signed networks is a well-studied property in graph theory. In a balanced (sub)graph, the vertices can be partitioned into two subsets with negative edges present only across the partitions. Balanced portions of a graph have been shown to increase coherence among its members and lead to better performance. While existing works have focused primarily on finding the largest balanced subgraph inside a graph, we study the network design problem of maximizing balance of a target community (subgraph). In particular, given a budget $b$ and a community of interest within the signed network, we aim to make the community as close to being balanced as possible by deleting up to $b$ edges. Besides establishing NP-hardness, we also show that the problem is non-monotone and non-submodular. To overcome these computational challenges, we propose heuristics based on the spectral relation of balance with the Laplacian spectrum of the network. Since the spectral approach lacks approximation guarantees, we further design a greedy algorithm, and its randomized version, with provable bounds on the approximation quality. The bounds are derived by exploiting pseudo-submodularity of the balance maximization function. Empirical evaluation on eight real-world signed networks establishes that the proposed algorithms are effective, efficient, and scalable to graphs with millions of edges.

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