论文标题
通过在线工作广告研究英国就业市场
Studying the UK Job Market During the COVID-19 Crisis with Online Job Ads
论文作者
论文摘要
COVID-19的全球大流行和旨在减轻它的锁定政策对劳动力市场产生了深远的影响。了解这些效果需要我们尽可能接近实时获取和分析数据，尤其是在规则迅速变化并制定本地锁定时。在这项工作中，我们通过分析在线工作委员会Reed.co.uk的数据来研究英国劳动力市场。使用主题建模和地理推动方法，我们能够按部门和地理位置分解数据。我们还研究自3月份Covid-19危机袭击英国以来的工资，合同类型和工作方式如何改变。总体而言，在锁定的头几周，空缺下降了60％至70％。到年底，数字已经恢复了一定的收益，但总数的赤字总数超过40 \％。被部门分解，款待和研究生工作的空缺大大减少了，而锁定期间有更多的护理工作和护理空缺。地理差异的差异要比部门之间的差异不那么重要，尽管有一些迹象表明，当地的锁定失速恢复且命中率较差的区域可能经历了较小的空缺减少。全职和永久性工作的薪水分配以及数量也有很小的变化。除这些结果外，这项工作还提出了一种开放的方法，可以在这些不定的条件下对就业市场进行快速详细的调查，我们描述了Web应用程序\ url {jobtrender.com}，允许其他人查询此数据集。
The COVID-19 global pandemic and the lockdown policies enacted to mitigate it have had profound effects on the labour market. Understanding these effects requires us to obtain and analyse data in as close to real time as possible, especially as rules change rapidly and local lockdowns are enacted. In this work we study the UK labour market by analysing data from the online job board Reed.co.uk. Using topic modelling and geo-inference methods we are able to break down the data by sector and geography. We also study how the salary, contract type and mode of work have changed since the COVID-19 crisis hit the UK in March. Overall, vacancies were down by 60 to 70\% in the first weeks of lockdown. By the end of the year numbers had recovered somewhat, but the total job ad deficit is measured to be over 40\%. Broken down by sector, vacancies for hospitality and graduate jobs are greatly reduced, while there were more care work and nursing vacancies during lockdown. Differences by geography are less significant than between sectors, though there is some indication that local lockdowns stall recovery and less badly hit areas may have experienced a smaller reduction in vacancies. There are also small but significant changes in the salary distribution and number of full time and permanent jobs. In addition to these results, this work presents an open methodology that enables a rapid and detailed survey of the job market in these unsettled conditions and we describe a web application \url{jobtrender.com} that allows others to query this data set.
