论文标题
将社会资源交换扩展到丰富和充足的事件
Extending Social Resource Exchange to Events of Abundance and Sufficiency
论文作者
论文摘要
本文确定了稀缺性，丰富性和充足性如何影响交换行为。分析有关资源交换的机制构成了几种社会科学观点的基础。新古典经济学提供了理性个人如何分配和交换资源的最著名观点之一。使用理性选择理论（RCT），新古典经济学假设，当资源稀缺并且这些人合理地互动以满足他们的要求（即偏好）时，将发生两个人之间的交流。尽管RCT对于表征封闭和风格化的系统中的相互作用很有用，但事实证明，它不足以捕捉社会和心理现实，在这种现实中，文化，情感和习惯在资源交换中起着不可或缺的作用。社会资源理论（SRT）通过使资源的社会性质成为研究对象，从多个方面提高了RCT。 SRT显示了人类互动是如何由一系列心理机制驱动的，从情感到启发式。因此，SRT比RCT的风格化工具合理性为分析和解释社会交流提供了更现实的基础。然而，SRT尚无清楚的地方，可以作为交换资源的额外动机。本文不仅使用稀缺性，而且还具有丰富性和充分性来综合并形式化SRT的基础。
This article identifies how scarcity, abundance, and sufficiency influence exchange behavior. Analyzing the mechanisms governing exchange of resources constitutes the foundation of several social-science perspectives. Neoclassical economics provides one of the most well-known perspectives of how rational individuals allocate and exchange resources. Using Rational Choice Theory (RCT), neoclassical economics assumes that exchange between two individuals will occur when resources are scarce and that these individuals interact rationally to satisfy their requirements (i.e., preferences). While RCT is useful to characterize interaction in closed and stylized systems, it proves insufficient to capture social and psychological reality where culture, emotions, and habits play an integral part in resource exchange. Social Resource Theory (SRT) improves on RCT in several respects by making the social nature of resources the object of study. SRT shows how human interaction is driven by an array of psychological mechanisms, from emotions to heuristics. Thus, SRT provides a more realistic foundation for analyzing and explaining social exchange than the stylized instrumental rationality of RCT. Yet SRT has no clear place for events of abundance and sufficiency as additional motivations to exchange resources. This article synthesize and formalize a foundation for SRT using not only scarcity but also abundance and sufficiency.
