论文标题
Arcetri天文台在佛罗伦萨的建立
The founding of Arcetri Observatory in Florence
论文作者
论文摘要
在托斯卡纳大公国的首都佛罗伦萨建立公共天文天文台的第一个想法可以追溯到18世纪中叶。最初，提出了在高地面上使用低建筑物的使用，Arcetri的山丘建议是一个适当的位置。在本世纪末，佛罗伦萨天文台（或Specola）建于与城市中心相同的塔楼上。天文学家开始使用此天文台后，他们就会意识到其所有缺陷，并努力寻找更好的位置。 Giovanni Battista Donati, director of the Specola of Florence from the eve of the Italian Unification in 1859, finally succeeded in creating a new observatory: first, he obtained funds from the Parliament of the Kingdom of Italy to build an equatorial mount for the Amici 28-cm refractor, which could not be installed conveniently in the tower of the Specola;然后，他经历了选择合适的地点，寻求资金并最终建造Arcetri天文台的过程。尽管Donati是光谱和天体物理学的先驱，但他的目的是建立现代天文学的天文台，因为意大利半岛没有像许多外国首都的国家天文台一样 - 佛罗伦萨是意大利王国的首府1865年至1871年的意大利王国，从1865年到1871年。威廉·斯特鲁夫（Wilhelm Struve）。该论文描述了所有这些步骤，最终导致了大约150年前的1872年Arcetri天文台的最终就职典礼。
The first idea of establishing a public astronomical observatory in Florence, Capital of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, dates to the mid of the 18th century. Initially, the use of a low building on a high ground was proposed, and the hill of Arcetri suggested as a proper location. At the end of the century, the Florence Observatory - or Specola - was built instead on a tower at the same level as the city's centre. As soon as astronomers started to use this observatory, they recognized all its flaws and struggled to search for a better location. Giovanni Battista Donati, director of the Specola of Florence from the eve of the Italian Unification in 1859, finally succeeded in creating a new observatory: first, he obtained funds from the Parliament of the Kingdom of Italy to build an equatorial mount for the Amici 28-cm refractor, which could not be installed conveniently in the tower of the Specola; then, he went through the process of selecting a proper site, seeking funds and finally building Arcetri Observatory. Although Donati was a pioneer of spectroscopy and astrophysics, his intent was to establish a modern observatory for classical astronomy, as the Italian peninsula did not have a national observatory like those located in many foreign capitals - Florence was the capital of the Kingdom of Italy from 1865 to 1871. To promote the project, Donati made use of writings by one of the most authoritative European astronomers, Otto Wilhelm Struve. The paper describes all these steps, eventually leading to the final inauguration of the Arcetri Observatory in 1872, almost 150 years ago.
