论文标题
简单开放量子系统中的中微子变形
Neutrino Decoherence in Simple Open Quantum Systems
论文作者
论文摘要
中微子在传播时失去了连贯性，从而导致振荡消失。在这项工作中，我们通过与环境的相互作用在开放量子系统中诱导的中微子变质建模。我们首先在量子机械框架中介绍了两个不同的模型，其中将环境建模为具有白噪声相互作用的强制谐波振荡器，或具有随机相踢的两级系统。然后，我们查看由带有环境颗粒的弹性散射引起的量子场理论框架中的变质过程。指数衰减作为所有模型的共同特征获得，该特征显示了矫正过程的普遍性。我们讨论与GKSL主方程方法的联系，并给出Lindblad运营商的明确物理含义。我们证明，连贯性指数衰减的普遍性基于Born-Markov近似。这项工作中的模型适合扩展，以描述可能是非马克维亚人的真实物理过程。
Neutrinos lose coherence as they propagate, which leads to the fading away of oscillations. In this work, we model neutrino decoherence induced in open quantum systems from their interaction with the environment. We first present two different models in the quantum mechanical framework, in which the environment is modeled as forced harmonic oscillators with white noise interactions, or two-level systems with stochastic phase kicks. We then look at the decoherence process in the quantum field theoretic framework induced by elastic scatterings with environmental particles. The exponential decay is obtained as a common feature for all models, which shows the universality of the decoherence processes. We discuss connections to the GKSL master equation approach and give a clear physical meaning of the Lindblad operators. We demonstrate that the universality of exponential decay of coherence is based on the Born-Markov approximation. The models in this work are suitable to be extended to describe real physical processes that could be non-Markovian.
