论文标题
维数和几何形状在淬火引起的非平衡力中的作用
The role of dimensionality and geometry in quench-induced nonequilibrium forces
论文作者
论文摘要
我们提出了一种由数值模拟支持的分析形式主义,用于研究在周围理想的布朗尼液的温度淬火之后对弯曲壁作用的力。我们表明,对于弯曲的表面,后淬火力最初迅速发展为极值,以后它们在及时接近其稳态价值的地方。与以前研究的平坦边界(线或平面)的情况相反,弯曲几何形状的代数衰减取决于系统的尺寸。具体而言,在d维球形(弯曲的)几何形状中,将力的稳态值及时接近$ t^{ - d/2} $。对于由同心圆或球体组成的系统,指数不会改变外圈或球体上的力。但是,施加在内圈或球体上的力经历了过冲的力,因此,并不能以简单的代数方式向稳态发展。力的最大值还取决于系统的尺寸,起源于弯曲边界,而球体或圆圈内部内部的粒子在局部更加局部,并且比圆或球体外部的粒子更少地弥漫。
We present an analytical formalism, supported by numerical simulations, for studying forces that act on curved walls following temperature quenches of the surrounding ideal Brownian fluid. We show that, for curved surfaces, the post-quench forces initially evolve rapidly to an extremal value, whereafter they approach their steady state value algebraically in time. In contrast to the previously-studied case of flat boundaries (lines or planes), the algebraic decay for the curved geometries depends on the dimension of the system. Specifically, the steady-state values of the force are approached in time as $t^{-d/2}$ in d-dimensional spherical (curved) geometries. For systems consisting of concentric circles or spheres, the exponent does not change for the force on the outer circle or sphere. However, the force exerted on the inner circle or sphere experiences an overshoot and, as a result, does not evolve towards the steady state in a simple algebraic manner. The extremal value of the force also depends on the dimension of the system, and originates from the curved boundaries and the fact that particles inside a sphere or circle are locally more confined, and diffuse less freely than particles outside the circle or sphere.