论文标题

比较使用车轮反应扭矩的反馈线性化和适应性的后台控制,以使敏捷地面机器人的机载取向

Comparing Feedback Linearization and Adaptive Backstepping Control for Airborne Orientation of Agile Ground Robots using Wheel Reaction Torque

论文作者

Kim, Jinho, Gonzalez, Daniel J., Korpela, Christopher M.

论文摘要

在本文中,分析,在模拟中进行了分析,在空中实现并进行比较,两种非线性方法是稳定四轮独立驱动和转向(4WID)机器人的方向的两种非线性方法。 Agro(敏捷地面机器人)是一个4WID检查机器人,可以通过投掷来部署到不安全的环境中,并且可以使用其四个车轮的反应扭矩在空中命令其方向。先前的工作已经在硬件原型上证明了具有手工调整收益的简单PD控制足以稳定在500ms以下的方向。这项工作的目的是减少稳定时间,并使用非线性控制方法拒绝干扰。添加了基于模型的反馈线性化(FL)以补偿非线性科里奥利项。但是,对于外部干扰,模型不确定性和传感器噪声,FL控制器不能保证稳定性。作为替代方案,使用带有自适应补偿器的反向补偿器,模型不确定性和传感器偏移的反式补偿器开发了第二个控制器。控制器是使用Lyapunov分析设计的。在各向同性转向配置中使用Agro的完整非线性动力学编写了模拟,在该配置中,在其音高和滚动上的控制授权均等。使用模拟中相同的初始条件将PD+FL控制方法与反向替代控制方法进行了比较。后台控制器和PD+FL控制器都在250毫秒内稳定了系统。自适应的后替态控制器还能够通过启用适应性法来实现这一绩效,并弥补了偏移噪声正弦曲线的扰动。

In this paper, two nonlinear methods for stabilizing the orientation of a Four-Wheel Independent Drive and Steering (4WIDS) robot while in the air are analyzed, implemented in simulation, and compared. AGRO (the Agile Ground Robot) is a 4WIDS inspection robot that can be deployed into unsafe environments by being thrown, and can use the reaction torque from its four wheels to command its orientation while in the air. Prior work has demonstrated on a hardware prototype that simple PD control with hand-tuned gains is sufficient, but hardly optimal, to stabilize the orientation in under 500ms. The goal of this work is to decrease the stabilization time and reject disturbances using nonlinear control methods. A model-based Feedback Linearization (FL) was added to compensate for the nonlinear Coriolis terms. However, with external disturbances, model uncertainty and sensor noise, the FL controller does not guarantee stability. As an alternative, a second controller was developed using backstepping methods with an adaptive compensator for external disturbances, model uncertainty, and sensor offset. The controller was designed using Lyapunov analysis. A simulation was written using the full nonlinear dynamics of AGRO in an isotropic steering configuration in which control authority over its pitch and roll are equalized. The PD+FL control method was compared to the backstepping control method using the same initial conditions in simulation. Both the backstepping controller and the PD+FL controller stabilized the system within 250 milliseconds. The adaptive backstepping controller was also able to achieve this performance with the adaptation law enabled and compensating for offset noisy sinusoidal disturbances.

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