论文标题
使用多通道奇异频谱分析来研究星系动力学
Using Multichannel Singular Spectrum Analysis to Study Galaxy Dynamics
论文作者
论文摘要
N体模拟提供了我们对星系结构和演变的大部分见解,但是我们对这些星系的分析通常是启发式和简单统计数据的。我们提出了一种方法,通过在多个时间序列的基础函数扩展系数和任何其他感兴趣的数据字段中找到最相关的时间信号来发现时空和时间的动态。该方法提取了重力场空间变化的主要趋势,以及任何其他数据字段。该方法的数学称为多通道单数频谱分析(MSSA)。从本质上讲,M-SSA是对时间序列复制的协方差的主要成分分析,每个分析都通过一定的间隔滞后。主要的主成分代表包含相关信号最大比例的趋势。下一个主组件与第一个是正交的,并包含下一个最大的分数,依此类推。使用先前分析的模拟套件,我们发现M-SSA描述了条形的形成和进化,包括模式耦合和模式速度衰减。我们还分析了一个新的模拟,该模拟使用运动学数据量身定制,以研究钢筋的垂直振荡。此外,令我们惊讶的是,M-SSA在先前分析的模拟中发现了一些新的动态,强调了这种新方法的力量。
N-body simulations provide most of our insight into the structure and evolution of galaxies, but our analyses of these are often heuristic and from simple statistics. We propose a method that discovers the dynamics in space and time together by finding the most correlated temporal signals in multiple time series of basis function expansion coefficients and any other data fields of interest. The method extracts the dominant trends in the spatial variation of the gravitational field along with any additional data fields through time. The mathematics of this method is known as multichannel singular spectrum analysis (M-SSA). In essence, M-SSA is a principal component analysis of the covariance of time series replicates, each lagged successively by some interval. The dominant principal component represents the trend that contains the largest fraction of the correlated signal. The next principal component is orthogonal to the first and contains the next largest fraction, and so on. Using a suite of previously analysed simulations, we find that M-SSA describes bar formation and evolution, including mode coupling and pattern-speed decay. We also analyse a new simulation tailored to study vertical oscillations of the bar using kinematic data. Additionally, and to our surprise, M-SSA uncovered some new dynamics in previously analysed simulations, underscoring the power of this new approach.