论文标题

明显的因果循环树双重性

Manifestly Causal Loop-Tree Duality

论文作者

Capatti, Zeno, Hirschi, Valentin, Kermanschah, Dario, Pelloni, Andrea, Ruijl, Ben

论文摘要

Loop-Tree二元性(LTD)是一个框架,其中Feynman积分的所有环动量的能量成分使用残基定理集成在一起,从而使类似树状结构的总和。最初,LTD表达表现出取消汇总之间非毒物阈值的取消,也称为双重取消。结果,该表达在非毒物阈值附近表现出数值不稳定性和大循环动量。在这项工作中,我们得出了一种新颖的,一般适用的,明显的因果有限公司(CLTD)表示,其唯一的阈值是因果阈值,即它明显实现了双重取消。因此,该结果也可以作为双重取消的一般证据。我们表明,LTD,CLTD和由时间排序的扰动理论(TOPT)造成的表达在局部等效。 TOPT和CLTD都仅具有因果阈值奇异性,但是LTD具有更好的传播器数量。除了我们的代表性提供的新理论观点外,它具有有用的属性,即每个汇总都保持原始4D整合的紫外线(UV)行为。我们表明,所得的Ltd Integrand表达在UV区域完全稳定,这是LTD在振幅和横截面计算中实际应用的关键。我们提供了有限元表达的明确示例,以通过优化其数值实现来有效地缓解其增加的计算复杂性。最后,我们提供了计算机代码,该代码自动生成有限层的表达式以进行任意拓扑。

Loop-Tree Duality (LTD) is a framework in which the energy components of all loop momenta of a Feynman integral are integrated out using residue theorem, resulting in a sum over tree-like structures. Originally, the LTD expression exhibits cancellations of non-causal thresholds between summands, also known as dual cancellations. As a result, the expression exhibits numerical instabilities in the vicinity of non-causal thresholds and for large loop momenta. In this work we derive a novel, generically applicable, Manifestly Causal LTD (cLTD) representation whose only thresholds are causal thresholds, i.e. it manifestly realizes dual cancellations. Consequently, this result also serves as a general proof for dual cancellations. We show that LTD, cLTD, and the expression stemming from Time Ordered Perturbation Theory (TOPT) are locally equivalent. TOPT and cLTD both feature only causal threshold singularities, however LTD features better scaling with the number of propagators. On top of the new theoretical perspectives offered by our representation, it has the useful property that the ultraviolet (UV) behaviour of the original 4D integrand is maintained for every summand. We show that the resulting LTD integrand expression is completely stable in the UV region which is key for practical applications of LTD to the computation of amplitudes and cross sections. We present explicit examples of the LTD expression for a variety of up to four-loop integrals and show that its increased computational complexity can be efficiently mitigated by optimising its numerical implementation. Finally, we provide computer code that automatically generates the LTD expression for an arbitrary topology.

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