论文标题
超新星中微子的快速风味去极化
Fast Flavor Depolarization of Supernova Neutrinos
论文作者
论文摘要
风味依赖性中微子的发射对于超新星及其中微子信号的进化至关重要。在恒星的茂密各向异性内部，中微子 - 中微子中微子向前散射会导致快速的集体中微子振荡，这带来了惊人的后果。我们提出了一种快速风味去极化的理论，解释了中微子风味差异如何变小，即由于扩散到较小的角度尺度，即去极化。我们表明，横向松弛决定了这种不可逆的去极化的时期。我们提供了一种计算去极化通量的方法，为简单的初始条件提供了明确的公式，这可能是超新星理论和中微子现象学的关键输入。
Flavor-dependent neutrino emission is critical to the evolution of a supernova and its neutrino signal. In the dense anisotropic interior of the star, neutrino-neutrino forward-scattering can lead to fast collective neutrino oscillations, which has striking consequences. We present a theory of fast flavor depolarization, explaining how neutrino flavor differences become smaller, i.e., depolarize, due to diffusion to smaller angular scales. We show that transverse relaxation determines the epoch of this irreversible depolarization. We give a method to compute the depolarized fluxes, presenting an explicit formula for simple initial conditions, which can be a crucial input for supernova theory and neutrino phenomenology.
