论文标题
量子发动机的效率增长和双向操作具有脱钩的内部水平
Efficiency gain and bidirectional operation of quantum engines with decoupled internal levels
论文作者
论文摘要
我们提出了一种机制，可以提高量子热发动机，其中包含内部能量水平，这些发动机不会偶尔到外部工作凹槽。通过使用这些水平在与第二定律规定的方向上引导热量来实现增益。不需要量子相干，量子相关性或麦内型。类似的机制使发动机可以反向运行并仍然产生有用的工作。我们使用简单的量子奥托循环在耦合旋转系统中说明了这些想法。我们发现该引擎还表现出其他违反直觉现象学。例如，随着热浴之间的温度差的降低，其效率可能会提高。相反，如果较热的沐浴变得太热或冷浴太冷，则可能会停止操作。
We present a mechanism for efficiency increase in quantum heat engines containing internal energy levels that do not couple to the external work sink. The gain is achieved by using these levels to channel heat in a direction opposite to the one dictated by the second law. No quantum coherence, quantum correlations or ergotropy are required. A similar mechanism allows the engine to run in reverse and still produce useful work. We illustrate these ideas using a simple quantum Otto cycle in a coupled-spin system. We find this engine also exhibits other counterintuitive phenomenology. For example, its efficiency may increase as the temperature difference between the heat baths decreases. Conversely, it may cease to operate if the hotter bath becomes too hot or the colder bath too cold.
