论文标题
大墙纳米孔中的超氟的外壳模型
A shell model for superfluids in rough-walled nanopores
论文作者
论文摘要
关于氦4流体通过纳米孔的流动的最新实验，具有可调孔半径为研究准二维（准1D）超级流体行为提供了一个平台。在极端的一维极限中，氦原子被孔隙壁提供的底物电位的微小变化所定位。在宽孔半径的极限下，预计氦4的实心层将覆盖孔壁，使底物电势平滑，并且在中央区域观察到超流体。在较早的量子蒙特卡洛结果的基础上，我们使用耦合的Luttinger液体的外壳模型为这种跨界的情况提出了一个方案。我们发现，小半径孔总是将氦原子定位，但是在临界半径之上，单个1D通道流过孔，可以用Luttinger液体理论来描述。
Recent experiments on the flow of helium-4 fluid through nanopores with tunable pore radius provide a platform for studying the quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) superfluid behaviors. In the extreme 1D limit, the helium atoms are localized by disordered small variations in the substrate potential provided by the pore walls. In the limit of wide pore radius, a solid layer of helium-4 is expected to coat the pore walls smoothing out the substrate potential, and superfluidity is observed in the central region. Building on earlier quantum Monte Carlo results, we propose a scenario for this crossover using a shell model of coupled Luttinger liquids. We find that a small radius pore will always localize the helium atoms, but above a critical radius, a single 1D channel flows through the pore and can be described by Luttinger liquid theory.
