论文标题
物质波浪干涉仪的物理显着相移
Physically significant phase shifts in matter-wave interferometry
论文作者
论文摘要
有许多不同的形式主义用于计算物质波干涉仪的阶段。但是，开发有关特定干涉仪的实际测量或给定的经典测量是否提供等效信息的物理直觉可能是具有挑战性的。在这里，我们通过一系列思维实验研究了干涉仪阶段的物理内容。在低阶电位中，具有单个内部状态的物质波干涉仪提供的信息与经典测试对象的位置测量值相同。在高阶电位中，干涉仪阶段与干涉仪臂运动的运动相位，并且该相包含的信息无法通过干涉仪轨迹上的任何位置测量值获得。高阶潜力中的这种相位转移从根本上区分了物质波的干涉仪与经典测量设备。
Many different formalisms exist for computing the phase of a matter-wave interferometer. However, it can be challenging to develop physical intuition about what a particular interferometer is actually measuring or about whether a given classical measurement provides equivalent information. Here we investigate the physical content of the interferometer phase through a series of thought experiments. In low-order potentials, a matter-wave interferometer with a single internal state provides the same information as a sum of position measurements of a classical test object. In high-order potentials, the interferometer phase becomes decoupled from the motion of the interferometer arms, and the phase contains information that cannot be obtained by any set of position measurements on the interferometer trajectory. This phase shift in a high-order potential fundamentally distinguishes matter-wave interferometers from classical measuring devices.
