论文标题
互联网优化的新抽象
A New Abstraction for Internet QoE Optimization
论文作者
论文摘要
在网络研究中,多年生的追求是如何在不产生更多资源的情况下为用户实现更高的体验(QOE)。这项工作重新审视了一个难题的重要但经常被忽视的一部分:Qoe抽象应该是什么? QOE抽象是描述决策如何影响QOE的应用质量的表示。传统的观点依赖于开发手工制作的质量指标(例如,视频重新填充事件,网页加载时间),专门针对每个应用程序,内容和设置。我们认为,在许多情况下,使用手工制作的指标列表从根本上可能很难捕获用户对质量的看法,并且扩展度量列表可能会导致QoE模型中不必要的复杂性而没有相应的收益。取而代之的是,我们主张一种基于一种称为“视觉渲染”的新QOE抽象的新方法。当用户观看屏幕上所有像素的连续“视频”(视觉渲染)时,我们不是指标列表,而是对质量感知的过程进行建模。视觉渲染的主要优点是它可以捕获所有应用程序具有相同抽象的用户的完整体验。这种新的抽象开辟了新的机会(例如,直接从视觉渲染中推断出QoE的端到端深度学习模型的可能性),但它也引起了新的研究挑战(例如,如何模拟对应用程序决策的视觉渲染效果)。本文将视觉渲染作为Internet Qoe的统一抽象的理由,并概述了新的研究议程以释放其机会。
A perennial quest in networking research is how to achieve higher quality of experience (QoE) for users without incurring more resources. This work revisits an important yet often overlooked piece of the puzzle: what should the QoE abstraction be? A QoE abstraction is a representation of application quality that describes how decisions affect QoE. The conventional wisdom has relied on developing hand-crafted quality metrics (e.g., video rebuffering events, web page loading time) that are specialized to each application, content, and setting. We argue that in many cases, it maybe fundamentally hard to capture a user's perception of quality using a list of handcrafted metrics, and that expanding the metric list may lead to unnecessary complexity in the QoE model without a commensurate gain. Instead, we advocate for a new approach based on a new QoE abstraction called visual rendering. Rather than a list of metrics, we model the process of quality perception as a user watching a continuous "video" (visual rendering) of all the pixels on their screen. The key advantage of visual rendering is that it captures the full experience of a user with the same abstraction for all applications. This new abstraction opens new opportunities (e.g., the possibility of end-to-end deep learning models that infer QoE directly from a visual rendering) but it also gives rise to new research challenges (e.g., how to emulate the effect on visual rendering of an application decision). This paper makes the case for visual rendering as a unifying abstraction for Internet QoE and outlines a new research agenda to unleash its opportunities.