论文标题
打开量子系统和非马克维亚动力学的干涉方法
Interferometric Approach to Open Quantum Systems and Non-Markovian Dynamics
论文作者
论文摘要
我们将开放量子系统的动力学与干涉法和干涉介绍开放系统干涉仪的概念相结合。通过在马赫德尔干涉仪中考虑单个光子，其中光子的极化（开放系统）和频率（环境）相互作用，我们从理论上说明了干涉仪内部途径偏振动力学的内部如何是马尔可夫，而关节动力学则显示非马克维亚特征。在干涉仪之外并由于干扰，开放系统以不同的替代方案显示丰富的动力学特征：只有一条路径显示非马克维亚记忆效应，这两种路径单独显示它们，或者根本没有显示内存效应。我们的结果还表明，测量光子路径可以取决于测量是否发生在干涉仪内还是外部。此外，该方案允许通过研究干涉仪以外的非马克维亚性来探测干涉仪内部的光路差。借助我们的框架和干扰，即使系统 - 环境相互作用本身仅包含dephasing，也可以引入开放系统动力学的耗散特征。总的来说，结果到目前为止未开发的途径开放，以控制开放系统动力学和量子物理学的基本研究。
We combine the dynamics of open quantum systems with interferometry and interference introducing the concept of open system interferometer. By considering a single photon in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, where the polarization (open system) and frequency (environment) of the photon interact, we theoretically show how inside the interferometer path-wise polarization dephasing dynamics is Markovian while the joint dynamics displays non-Markovian features. Outside the interferometer and due to interference, the open system displays rich dynamical features with distinct alternatives: Only one path displaying non-Markovian memory effects, both paths individually displaying them, or no memory effects appearing at all. Our results also illustrate that measuring the photon's path can either create or destroy non-Markovian memory effects depending on whether the measurement takes place in or outside the interferometer. Moreover, the scheme allows to probe the optical path difference inside the interferometer by studying non-Markovianity outside the interferometer. With our framework and interference, it is also possible to introduce dissipative features for the open system dynamics even though the system-environment interaction itself contains only dephasing. In general, the results open so far unexplored avenues to control open system dynamics and for fundamental studies of quantum physics.
