论文标题
量化多发介质系统中的非Qulibrium热力学操作
Quantifying nonequlibrium thermodynamic operations in a multiterminal mesoscopic system
论文作者
论文摘要
我们研究了量子厅制度中的多端介质导体，但要遵守温度和电压偏见。该设备可以被视为作用于工作物质的非平衡资源。我们先前表明，在没有非平衡资源的能量和颗粒电流的情况下，冷却和动力产生可能会发生（称其为n-demon）。在这里，我们允许来自非平衡资源的能量或粒子电流，发现该设备似乎比Carnot发动机更有效率。为了克服这个问题，我们定义了自由能效率，该效率结合了以下事实：除了热或功率外，还消耗了非平衡资源。这些效率在平衡和非平衡资源方面表现良好，并且具有热力学定律施加的上限。我们在实验相关的参数制度中优化了功率生产和冷却。
We investigate a multiterminal mesoscopic conductor in the quantum Hall regime, subject to temperature and voltage biases. The device can be considered as a nonequilibrium resource acting on a working substance. We previously showed that cooling and power production can occur in the absence of energy and particle currents from a nonequilibrium resource (calling this an N-demon). Here we allow energy or particle currents from the nonequilibrium resource and find that the device seemingly operates at a better efficiency than a Carnot engine. To overcome this problem, we define free-energy efficiencies which incorporate the fact that a nonequilibrium resource is consumed in addition to heat or power. These efficiencies are well behaved for equilibrium and nonequilibrium resources and have an upper bound imposed by the laws of thermodynamics. We optimize power production and cooling in experimentally relevant parameter regimes.
