论文标题
微观热机使用跑步颗粒
Microscopic thermal machines using run-and-tumble particles
论文作者
论文摘要
在过去的二十年中，尺寸约为几百纳米的微观热机已经是激烈研究的主题。最近，已经表明，通过使用活跃的Ornstein-Uhlenbeck颗粒（AOUP），可以提高此类热发动机的效率。在这项工作中，我们从数值上研究了使用主动运行式粒子（RTP）作为工作系统的微型发动机和冰箱的行为。我们发现，发动机模式的结果与使用AOUP的发动机形成鲜明对比，因此表明活动性质对非平衡循环的热机的定性行为有很大影响。通常，使用运行和滚动粒子的发动机的效率通常比被动微观发动机小。但是，当应用时间转换时，在这些条件下，所得的微观冰箱的性能系数可能更高。探索了性能系数的不同参数变化的影响。已经发现了具有主动力的性能系数的非单调变化。
Microscopic thermal machines that are of the dimensions of around few hundred nanometers have been the subject of intense study over the last two decades. Recently, it has been shown that the efficiency of such thermal engines can be enhanced by using active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particles (AOUP). In this work, we numerically study the behaviour of tiny engines and refrigerators that use an active run-and-tumble particle (RTP) as the working system. We find that the results for the engine mode are in sharp contrast with those of engines using AOUP, thus showing that the nature of activity has a strong influence on the qualitative behaviours of thermal machines for nonequilibrium cycles. The efficiency of an engine using a run-and-tumble particle is found to be smaller in general than a passive microscopic engine. However, when the applied protocol is time-reversed, the resulting microscopic refrigerator can have a much higher coefficient of performance under these conditions. The effect of variation of different parameters of the coefficient of performance has been explored. A non-monotonic variation of coefficient of performance with active force has been found.
