论文标题
熵产生的光驱动微机器
Entropy production in an elementary, light driven micro-machine
论文作者
论文摘要
我们考虑在胶体长度尺度上运行的基本微机器的基本热力学特性。特别是，我们跟踪和分析了经过精心设计的微螺旋桨在水中旋转不均匀的微螺旋桨的驱动随机运动。在这个中间状态中，仅作为合奏平均值而满足宏观热力学的第二定律，并且单个轨迹可以暂时与熵的降低相关。我们表明，我们的光驱动微螺旋桨满足适当的波动定理，该定理限制了这些明显违反第二定律的可能性。讨论了对更复杂的微手机的发展的影响。
We consider the basic, thermodynamic properties of an elementary micro-machine operating at colloidal length scales. In particular, we track and analyse the driven stochastic motion of a carefully designed micro-propeller rotating unevenly in an optical tweezers, in water. In this intermediate regime, the second law of macroscopic thermodynamics is satisfied only as an ensemble average, and individual trajectories can be temporarily associated with decreases in entropy. We show that our light driven micro-propeller satisfies an appropriate fluctuation theorem that constrains the probability with which these apparent violations of the second law occur. Implications for the development of more complex micro-machines are discussed.
