论文标题

放大和前向继电器用于层次的无线计算

Amplify-and-Forward Relaying for Hierarchical Over-the-Air Computation

论文作者

Wang, Feng, Xu, Jie, Lau, Vincent K. N., Cui, Shuguang

论文摘要

本文研究了一个大面积的层次直播计算(AIRCOMP)网络,其中利用多个继电器以促进大量WDS的数据聚集。我们提出了两阶段的放大和前向(AF)继电器协议。在第一阶段,WDS同时将其数据发送到继电器,而在第二阶段,继电器分别放大了接收的信号,并同时将其转发到融合中心(FC)进行聚合。我们的目标是通过共同优化WD发射系数,中继AF系数和FC De-noising因子,从而最大程度地减少FC处的计算平均平方误差(MSE),但要遵守其个体传输功率约束。首先,我们考虑使用全球渠道状态信息(CSI)的集中式设计,其中可以利用R-Relay Interay信号进行数据聚合。在这种情况下,我们开发了一种基于优化的算法,以获得计算MSE最小化问题的高质量解决方案。接下来,为了减少集中式设计引起的信号开销,我们考虑使用部分CSI的替代分散设计,在该设计中,继电器和FC仅通过需要跨不同继电器的渠道功率增益信息来做出自己的决定。在这种情况下,继电器和FC需要将Relay间信号视为有害干扰或噪声。因此,我们以迭代方式优化了与每个继电器相关的WDS的发射系数,以及中继AF系数(以及FC De-Noising因子),可以以分散的方式有效地实现。

This paper studies a hierarchical over-the-air computation (AirComp) network over a large area, in which multiple relays are exploited to facilitate data aggregation from massive WDs. We present a two-phase amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying protocol. In the first phase, the WDs simultaneously send their data to the relays, while in the second phase, the relays amplify the respectively received signals and concurrently forward them to the fusion center (FC) for aggregation. Our objective is to minimize the computational mean squared error (MSE) at the FC, by jointly optimizing the WD transmit coefficients, the relay AF coefficients, and the FC de-noising factor, subject to their individual transmit power constraints. First, we consider the centralized design with global channel state information (CSI), in which the inter-relay signals can be exploited beneficially for data aggregation. In this case, we develop an alternating-optimization-based algorithm to obtain a high-quality solution to the computational MSE minimization problem. Next, to reduce the signaling overhead caused by the centralized design, we consider an alternative decentralized design with partial CSI, in which the relays and the FC make their own decisions by only requiring the channel power gain information across different relays. In this case, the relays and FC need to treat the inter-relay signals as harmful interference or noise. Accordingly, we optimize the transmit coefficients of the WDs associated with each relay, and the relay AF coefficients (together with the FC de-noising factor) in an iterative manner, which can be implemented efficiently in a decentralized way.

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