论文标题

带有节点流动的动态随机网络中的扩展和洪水

Expansion and Flooding in Dynamic Random Networks with Node Churn

论文作者

Becchetti, Luca, Clementi, Andrea, Pasquale, Francesco, Trevisan, Luca, Ziccardi, Isabella

论文摘要

我们研究动态网络中的扩展和信息扩散,即在网络中不断创建和破坏节点和边缘。我们考虑通过{\ em Flooding}的信息扩散,该过程一旦通知节点,就会向所有邻居广播其信息。 我们研究网络为{\ em稀疏}的模型,这意味着它具有$ \ MATHCAL {O}(n)$边缘,其中$ n $是节点的数量,并且边缘是随机创建的,而不是根据精心设计的分布式算法。在我们的模型中,当节点“天生”时,它将连接到$ d = \ natercal {o}(1)$随机其他节点。只要它的终点都可以,边缘就保持活力。 如果不进行进一步的边缘创建,我们表明,尽管网络将具有$ω_d(n)$隔离节点,但有可能以较大的持续概率告知$ 1-exp(-ch(d))$ in $ \ mathcal {o}(O}(O}(O log n)$ time)的节点分数。此外,该图在任何给定时间都显示出“大型扩展”属性。 我们还考虑具有{\ em Edge Receneration}的模型,其中,如果由于$ W $的死亡而被$ v $选择的边缘$(v,w)$下降,则边缘被新的随机边缘$(v,z)$替换。在具有边缘再生的模型中,我们证明该网络在任何给定时间都具有顶点扩展器,而洪水则为$ \ Mathcal {o}(\ log n)$时间。 上述结果既有节点流失的简单但人工流式模型,在这种模型中,每个时间的节点诞生和最古老的节点死亡,并且在更逼真的连续时间模型中,在该模型中,出生时间是poisson,每个节点的寿命都遵循指数分布。

We study expansion and information diffusion in dynamic networks, that is in networks in which nodes and edges are continuously created and destroyed. We consider information diffusion by {\em flooding}, the process by which, once a node is informed, it broadcasts its information to all its neighbors. We study models in which the network is {\em sparse}, meaning that it has $\mathcal{O}(n)$ edges, where $n$ is the number of nodes, and in which edges are created randomly, rather than according to a carefully designed distributed algorithm. In our models, when a node is "born", it connects to $d=\mathcal{O}(1)$ random other nodes. An edge remains alive as long as both its endpoints do. If no further edge creation takes place, we show that, although the network will have $Ω_d(n)$ isolated nodes, it is possible, with large constant probability, to inform a $1-exp(-Ω(d))$ fraction of nodes in $\mathcal{O}(\log n)$ time. Furthermore, the graph exhibits, at any given time, a "large-set expansion" property. We also consider models with {\em edge regeneration}, in which if an edge $(v,w)$ chosen by $v$ at birth goes down because of the death of $w$, the edge is replaced by a fresh random edge $(v,z)$. In models with edge regeneration, we prove that the network is, with high probability, a vertex expander at any given time, and flooding takes $\mathcal{O}(\log n)$ time. The above results hold both for a simple but artificial streaming model of node churn, in which at each time step one node is born and the oldest node dies, and in a more realistic continuous-time model in which the time between births is Poisson and the lifetime of each node follows an exponential distribution.

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