论文标题
太阳能电晕中的磁通绳：朝向喷发的结构和进化
Magnetic Flux Ropes in the Solar Corona: Structure and Evolution toward Eruption
论文作者
论文摘要
磁通绳的特征是相干扭曲的磁场线，在磁化等离子体中无处不在。作为太阳大气中各种喷发现象的核心结构，通量绳是理解太阳喷发的物理机制的关键，这会影响地球层和行星大气。地球空间环境中最严重的干扰通常与阳光与地球磁层相撞的大规模通量绳索有关，从而导致不良，有时是灾难性的，空中天气的影响。然而，对于磁通绳如何形成和朝向喷发以及如何在环境场中结构和嵌入的方式仍然难以捉摸。本文通过从观察者的角度回顾当前对冠状通量绳索的理解来解决这些重要问题，并强调了它们的结构和对太阳爆发的敏锐进化，这是通过结合对遥感和现场检测的观察结果来实现的。它突出了一种冠状质量弹出（CME）的启动机制，在该机制中，当前片片中的浆液聚集成一个“种子”通量绳，其随后的演变为CME与标准模型一致，从而弥合了微观和宏观动力学之间的间隙。
Magnetic flux ropes are characterized by coherently twisted magnetic field lines, which are ubiquitous in magnetized plasmas. As the core structure of various eruptive phenomena in the solar atmosphere, flux ropes hold the key to understanding the physical mechanisms of solar eruptions, which impact the heliosphere and planetary atmospheres. Strongest disturbances in the Earth's space environments are often associated with large-scale flux ropes from the Sun colliding with the Earth's magnetosphere, leading to adverse, sometimes catastrophic, space-weather effects. However, it remains elusive as to how a flux rope forms and evolves toward eruption, and how it is structured and embedded in the ambient field. The present paper addresses these important questions by reviewing current understandings of coronal flux ropes from an observer's perspective, with emphasis on their structures and nascent evolution toward solar eruptions, as achieved by combining observations of both remote sensing and in-situ detection with modeling and simulation. It highlights an initiation mechanism for coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in which plasmoids in current sheets coalesce into a `seed' flux rope whose subsequent evolution into a CME is consistent with the standard model, thereby bridging the gap between microscale and macroscale dynamics.
