论文标题

城市流动性群:可扩展的实施

Urban Mobility Swarms: A Scalable Implementation

论文作者

Berke, Alex, Nawyn, Jason, Lengeling, Thomas Sanchez, Larson, Kent

论文摘要

我们提出了一个协调“城市流动性群”的系统,以促进轻巧,可持续运输的使用和安全性,同时增强城市的活力和社区结构。这项工作来自夜间昆虫(例如板球和萤火虫)所表现出的行为,从而同步在分散网络中统一了个人。在这些情况下,协调自然出现,并提供了“数量强度”的引人注目的演示。我们的工作用于协调轻型车辆,例如自行车,这些车辆自动将其引入临时“群”,并由光的同步脉动联合。我们将单个骑手在分散网络中的节点建模为节点,并通过点对点消息协议和算法同步他们的行为,从而保留个人隐私。节点在广播中广播,其传输范围调节以定位群体会员资格。然后,节点基于接近性与其他人连接或断开连接,以适应城市移动网络的动态变化拓扑。本文提供了我们系统的技术描述,包括协议和算法,以协调从中出现的蜂群行为。我们还通过在城市自行车共享中测试了系统原型,在代码,循环和硬件中演示了其实现。这样,我们可以证明系统的可扩展性。我们的原型使用低成本组件,而自行车共享计划则可以在城市规模部署该系统。我们灵活的,分散的设计允许其他自行车与网络连接,从而增强其规模和影响。

We present a system to coordinate 'urban mobility swarms' in order to promote the use and safety of lightweight, sustainable transit, while enhancing the vibrancy and community fabric of cities. This work draws from behavior exhibited by swarms of nocturnal insects, such as crickets and fireflies, whereby synchrony unifies individuals in a decentralized network. Coordination naturally emerges in these cases and provides a compelling demonstration of 'strength in numbers'. Our work is applied to coordinating lightweight vehicles, such as bicycles, which are automatically inducted into ad-hoc 'swarms', united by the synchronous pulsation of light. We model individual riders as nodes in a decentralized network and synchronize their behavior via a peer-to-peer message protocol and algorithm, which preserves individual privacy. Nodes broadcast over radio with a transmission range tuned to localize swarm membership. Nodes then join or disconnect from others based on proximity, accommodating the dynamically changing topology of urban mobility networks. This paper provides a technical description of our system, including the protocol and algorithm to coordinate the swarming behavior that emerges from it. We also demonstrate its implementation in code, circuity, and hardware, with a system prototype tested on a city bike-share. In doing so, we evince the scalability of our system. Our prototype uses low-cost components, and bike-share programs, which manage bicycle fleets distributed across cities, could deploy the system at city-scale. Our flexible, decentralized design allows additional bikes to then connect with the network, enhancing its scale and impact.

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