论文标题
保护选举免受贿赂的计算复杂性表征
Computational Complexity Characterization of Protecting Elections from Bribery
论文作者
论文摘要
选举中的贿赂问题在文献中受到了相当大的关注,在这些文献上已经获得了各种算法和复杂性结果。因此,自然要问我们是否可以保护选举免受潜在的贿赂。我们假设保护者可以以一定的代价保护选民(例如,通过将选民与潜在的贿赂隔离开来)。不能贿赂受保护的选民。在此环境下,我们考虑以下双层决策问题:保护者是否有可能保护适当的选民子集,使得没有固定预算的贿赂预算的贿赂可以改变选举结果?本文的目的是全面了解保护问题的复杂性。我们对保护问题进行了广泛的研究,并提供算法和复杂性结果。将我们的结果与贿赂问题进行比较,我们观察到保护问题通常更加困难。实际上,即使对于非常有限的特殊情况,它也会变成$ \ sum_ {p}^2 $ - complete,而大多数贿赂问题位于NP中。但是,不一定会使保护问题总是更困难的情况。某些保护问题仍然可以在多项式时间内解决,而其中一些问题仍然与同一环境下的贿赂问题一样困难。
The bribery problem in election has received considerable attention in the literature, upon which various algorithmic and complexity results have been obtained. It is thus natural to ask whether we can protect an election from potential bribery. We assume that the protector can protect a voter with some cost (e.g., by isolating the voter from potential bribers). A protected voter cannot be bribed. Under this setting, we consider the following bi-level decision problem: Is it possible for the protector to protect a proper subset of voters such that no briber with a fixed budget on bribery can alter the election result? The goal of this paper is to give a full picture on the complexity of protection problems. We give an extensive study on the protection problem and provide algorithmic and complexity results. Comparing our results with that on the bribery problems, we observe that the protection problem is in general significantly harder. Indeed, it becomes $\sum_{p}^2$-complete even for very restricted special cases, while most bribery problems lie in NP. However, it is not necessarily the case that the protection problem is always harder. Some of the protection problems can still be solved in polynomial time, while some of them remain as hard as the bribery problem under the same setting.