论文标题

相对论核冲突:建立一个非关键基线以进行波动测量

Relativistic nuclear collisions: Establishing a non-critical baseline for fluctuation measurements

论文作者

Braun-Munzinger, Peter, Friman, Bengt, Redlich, Krzysztof, Rustamov, Anar, Stachel, Johanna

论文摘要

我们研究了全球巴里昂数量保存对重量离子碰撞中净累积量净基线的影响,在给定的接受度中,考虑到巴里子和抗兽子的平均数量之间的不对称性。我们从规范分区函数中得出了限制的相空间中净巴里昂数的概率分布,该函数包含了整个系统中的Baryon数量的精确保护。此外,我们提供了工具来计算不相关的巴里子的生成函数的累积量,这些级别受到精确的baryon数量保存的约束。该结果适用于量化非关键基线的净质子数量波动的累积基线,这是由不同的RHIC能源和LHC的Alice Collongoration在重型离子碰撞中获得的。此外,通过基于带电颗粒产生的中心性依赖性,通过实验测量的蒙特卡洛手术添加了体积波动。与基于基于强子共振气体模型或Skellam分布的预测相比,由于精确的Baryon-number保护,观察到了明显的波动。抑制随着累积剂的顺序和较低的碰撞能量而增加。在重型离子碰撞中,净质子累积物的净预测用于实验可及的碰撞能量。

We study the influence of global baryon number conservation on the non-critical baseline of net baryon cumulants in heavy-ion collisions in a given acceptance, accounting for the asymmetry between the mean-numbers of baryons and antibaryons. We derive the probability distribution of net baryon number in a restricted phase space from the canonical partition function that incorporates exact conservation of baryon number in the full system. Furthermore, we provide tools to compute cumulants of any order from the generating function of uncorrelated baryons constrained by exact baryon number conservation. The results are applied to quantify the non-critical baseline for cumulants of net proton number fluctuations obtained in heavy-ion collisions by the STAR collaboration at different RHIC energies and by the ALICE collaboration at the LHC. Furthermore, volume fluctuations are added by a Monte Carlo procedure based on the centrality dependence of charged particle production as measured experimentally. Compared to the predictions based on the hadron resonance gas model or Skellam distribution a clear suppression of fluctuations is observed due to exact baryon-number conservation. The suppression increases with the order of the cumulant and towards lower collision energies. Predictions for net proton cumulants up to the eight order in heavy-ion collisions are given for experimentally accessible collision energies.

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