论文标题
紧急权力应对COVID-19：政策扩散，民主和准备
Emergency Powers in Response to COVID-19: Policy diffusion, Democracy, and Preparedness
论文作者
论文摘要
我们在2020年1月1日至6月12日的期间使用180个国家的数据检查了与190个国家的共同紧急情况（国有企业）。结果表明，国有国有企业的宣言是由外部和内部因素驱动的。一个以许多人和同时宣布的国有企业为特征的宽松的区域环境可能会降低声誉和政治成本，从而使紧急权力的雇用更适合更广泛的政府。同时，内部特征，特别是民主制度和大流行的准备，塑造了政府的决定。与独裁统治和强大的民主国家相比，弱势群体准备不良的民主国家更有可能选择国有企业。我们发现，大流行影响（以国家共同19的死亡为单位）和国有企业之间没有显着关联，这表明许多州在疾病在当地传播之前积极采用了国有企业。
We examine COVID-19-related states of emergency (SOEs) using data on 180 countries in the period January 1 through June 12, 2020. The results suggest that states' declaration of SOEs is driven by both external and internal factors. A permissive regional environment, characterized by many and simultaneously declared SOEs, may have diminished reputational and political costs, making employment of emergency powers more palatable for a wider range of governments. At the same time, internal characteristics, specifically democratic institutions and pandemic preparedness, shaped governments' decisions. Weak democracies with poor pandemic preparedness were considerably more likely to opt for SOEs than dictatorships and robust democracies with higher preparedness. We find no significant association between pandemic impact, measured as national COVID-19-related deaths, and SOEs, suggesting that many states adopted SOEs proactively before the disease spread locally.
