论文标题
汉伯里棕色和双音子的束束和量子耗尽的巨大相互作用的玻色气体
Hanbury-Brown and Twiss bunching of phonons and of the quantum depletion in a strongly-interacting Bose gas
论文作者
论文摘要
我们报告了在低温下具有强烈相互作用的玻色子气体的类似汉伯里棕色和Twiss（HBT）（HBT）（HBT）的实现。在三维光学晶格中达到了较大的相互作用和低温的状态，并且从长时间自由裂缝后的单个稳态氦原子的检测中提取了原子 - 原子相关性。我们观察到气体的非辅助馏分中的HBT束，其性质与非相互作用玻色子预期的HBT信号强烈偏离。此外，我们表明所测量的相关性反映了属于量子耗竭和Bogoliubov声子（即多体量子状态的集体激发）的原子的特殊量子统计。我们的结果表明，原子原子相关性提供了有关强烈相互作用颗粒的量子状态的信息，从而将类似于HBT的实验的兴趣扩展到了非相互作用颗粒的情况之外。
We report the realisation of a Hanbury-Brown and Twiss (HBT)-like experiment with a gas of strongly interacting bosons at low temperatures. The regime of large interactions and low temperatures is reached in a three-dimensional optical lattice and atom-atom correlations are extracted from the detection of individual metastable Helium atoms after a long free-fall. We observe a HBT bunching in the non-condensed fraction of the gas whose properties strongly deviate from the HBT signals expected for non-interacting bosons. In addition, we show that the measured correlations reflect the peculiar quantum statistics of atoms belonging to the quantum depletion and of the Bogoliubov phonons, i.e., of collective excitations of the many-body quantum state. Our results demonstrate that atom-atom correlations provide information about the quantum state of strongly-interacting particles, extending the interest of HBT-like experiments beyond the case of non-interacting particles.
