论文标题
区分太阳能颗粒中加速度和转运的刚度依赖性
Distinguishing the Rigidity Dependences of Acceleration and Transport in Solar Energetic Particles
论文作者
论文摘要
在太阳能粒子（SEP）事件中，元素丰度增强对其质量到电荷比的幂律依赖性A/Q提供了一种新工具，可以测量加速和运输的组合刚度依赖性。区分这两个过程可能更具挑战性。但是，当Sep事件较小或离子甚至不含散射时，加速度的影响会占主导地位，并且运输可以主导具有流限制强度的大事件的时间演变。在太阳能喷气式飞机中的磁重连接产生的A/Q的正功率从+2到+7，而冲击加速度在小型和中度的SEP事件中主要产生-2至+1的负功率，而传输效应最小。冲击加速度刚度依赖性的这种变化可能反映出冠状冲击本身的非固定器结构，复杂性和时间变化。通过流质子在最大的SEP事件中通过流质子进行的波动抑制了低A/Q的离子的逃逸，从而产生了A/Q从+1到+3上游的观察到的加速冲击上游的功率，从而降低了下游的小负功率。当然，A/Q的功能与HE，O和FE的光谱指数相关，但仍存在无法解释的出发。
In solar energetic particle (SEP) events, the power-law dependence of element abundance enhancements on their mass-to-charge ratios A/Q provides a new tool that measures the combined rigidity dependences from both acceleration and transport. Distinguishing these two processes can be more challenging. However, the effects of acceleration dominate when SEP events are small or when the ions even propagate scatter-free, and transport can dominate the time evolution of large events with streaming-limited intensities. Magnetic reconnection in solar jets produces positive powers of A/Q from +2 to +7 and shock acceleration produces mostly negative powers from -2 to +1 in small and moderate SEP events where transport effects are minimal. This variation in the rigidity dependence of shock acceleration may reflect the non-planer structure, complexity, and time variation of coronal shocks themselves. Wave amplification by streaming protons in the largest SEP events suppresses the escape of ions with low A/Q, creating observed powers of A/Q from +1 to +3 upstream of the accelerating shock, decreasing to small negative powers downstream. Of course, the powers of A/Q are correlated with the spectral indices of He, O, and Fe, yet unexplained departures exist.
