论文标题
在软件定义的无线电上设计和实施时间敏感的无线物联网网络
Design and Implementation of Time-Sensitive Wireless IoT Networks on Software-Defined Radio
论文作者
论文摘要
对于许多新兴工业互联网(IoT)应用程序,时间敏感的无线网络是重要的启用构件。对于研发工作,需要快速原型制作和评估时间敏感的无线技术。软件定义的无线电(SDR)通过在个人计算机(PC)上进行无线信号处理,已广泛用于此类快速原型制作工作。不幸的是,由于PC和无线电板之间的\ textIt {无法控制的延迟},因此通常认为SDR不适合时间敏感的无线应用,这些应用需要与低和确定性的延迟进行通信。为了对其对工业物联网应用的适用性进行严格的评估,本文对SDR无线系统可实现的同步准确性和端到端潜伏期进行了定量研究。为此,我们在通用软件无线电外围设备(USRP)SDR平台上设计并实施了一个时机的无线系统。我们开发了一种时间同步机制,以维持系统中节点之间的同步。为了减少USRP板和其PC之间的延迟和延迟的抖动,我们设计了一个{\ textIt {just-In-time}}算法,以确保PC发送给USRP的数据包可以在时间插槽之前到达USRP。我们的实验表明,不同节点的时间插槽的$ 90 \%$($ 100 \%$)可以同步并在$ \ pm 0.5 $ 0.5 $样本或$ \ pm0.05μs$($ \ pm 1.5 $ 1.5 $样品或$ \ pm0.15μs$)之内,或者$ the Endent-endent-endent to plancyent to downys to downys latency。这意味着可以将基于SDR的解决方案应用于需要紧密同步和中等低延迟的一系列IIT应用中,例如传感器数据收集,自动导向车辆(AGV)控制和人机相互作用(HMI)。
Time-sensitive wireless networks are an important enabling building block for many emerging industrial Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Quick prototyping and evaluation of time-sensitive wireless technologies are desirable for R&D efforts. Software-defined radio (SDR), by allowing wireless signal processing on a personal computer (PC), has been widely used for such quick prototyping efforts. Unfortunately, because of the \textit{uncontrollable delay} between the PC and the radio board, SDR is generally deemed not suitable for time-sensitive wireless applications that demand communication with low and deterministic latency. For a rigorous evaluation of its suitability for industrial IoT applications, this paper conducts a quantitative investigation of the synchronization accuracy and end-to-end latency achievable by an SDR wireless system. To this end, we designed and implemented a time-slotted wireless system on the Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) SDR platform. We developed a time synchronization mechanism to maintain synchrony among nodes in the system. To reduce the delays and delay jitters between the USRP board and its PC, we devised a {\textit{Just-in-time}} algorithm to ensure that packets sent by the PC to the USRP can reach the USRP just before the time slots they are to be transmitted. Our experiments demonstrate that $90\%$ ($100\%$) of the time slots of different nodes can be synchronized and aligned to within $ \pm 0.5$ samples or $ \pm 0.05μs$ ($ \pm 1.5$ samples or $ \pm 0.15μs$), and that the end-to-end packet delivery latency can be down to $3.75ms$. This means that SDR-based solutions can be applied in a range of IIoT applications that require tight synchrony and moderately low latency, e.g., sensor data collection, automated guided vehicle (AGV) control, and Human-Machine-Interaction (HMI).