论文标题
从统一窗口内的几个玻色子到许多玻色子:普遍到非普遍行为之间的过渡
From few to many bosons inside the unitary window: a transition between universal to non-universal behavior
论文作者
论文摘要
近年来,在实验和理论上都对几乎没有两个玻色子的统一限制的几个玻色子系统的普遍行为进行了深入研究。在这个特定区域(称为统一窗口)中,粒子间相互作用的细节并不重要,可观察到的(例如结合能)可以通过一些参数来表征。随着颗粒数量越来越多的短期排斥,所有原子,分子或核相互作用都逐渐引起与普遍行为的偏差。在本信中,我们首次通过一个特定参数来结合非普遍行为的简单方法,该参数控制了系统从通用状态到非普遍制度的平稳过渡。我们以$ n $氦原子的系统为例,我们将其基态能量作为单位窗口内的轨迹计算为轨迹,并且还表明,当$ n \ rightarrow \ rightarrow \ infty $ $ n \ rightarrow \ infty $时,可以使用控制参数来确定均质系统中每个粒子的能量。
Universal behaviour in few-bosons systems close to the unitary limit, where two bosons become unbound, has been intensively investigated in recent years both experimentally and theoretically. In this particular region, called the unitary window, details of the inter-particle interactions are not important and observables, such as binding energies, can be characterized by a few parameters. With an increasing number of particles the short-range repulsion, present in all atomic, molecular or nuclear interactions, gradually induces deviations from the universal behaviour. In the present letter we discuss for the first time a simple way of incorporating non-universal behaviour through one specific parameter which controls the smooth transition of the system from universal to non-universal regime. Using a system of $N$ helium atoms as an example we calculate their ground state energies as trajectories within the unitary window and also show that the control parameters can be used to determine the energy per particle in homogeneous systems when $N \rightarrow \infty$.