论文标题
自然灾害管理的公私伙伴关系：评论
Public-Private Partnership in the Management of Natural Disasters: A Review
论文作者
论文摘要
自然危害会极大地影响一个国家的整体社会。由于某种程度的公共部门参与对于应对自然灾害的后果始终是必要的，因此中央政府越来越多地投资于主动的风险管理计划。为了赋予整个社会的能力并参与其中，一些国家建立了公私合作伙伴关系，主要与保险业建立了令人满意的成果。尽管事实证明它们是必要的，而且通常是有效的，但公私倡议经常产生高债务，或者未能实现所需的降低风险目标。我们回顾了这些伙伴关系在自然风险管理中的作用，特别关注保险业。在其他特定国家的问题中，近年来风险知识和治理较弱的倡议广泛挑战了这些倡议，而未来受到气候变化和不可持续发展的不确定性的威胁。为了增强该国的韧性，需要更多地参与社区的所有领域，尤其是最弱的层，并且应将自然风险的管理包括在可持续发展计划中。
Natural hazards can considerably impact the overall society of a country. As some degree of public sector involvement is always necessary to deal with the consequences of natural disasters, central governments have increasingly invested in proactive risk management planning. In order to empower and involve the whole society, some countries have established public-private partnerships, mainly with the insurance industry, with satisfactorily outcomes. Although they have proven necessary and most often effective, the public-private initiatives have often incurred high debts or have failed to achieved the desired risk reduction objectives. We review the role of these partnerships in the management of natural risks, with particular attention to the insurance sector. Among other country-specific issues, poor risk knowledge and weak governance have widely challenged the initiatives during the recent years, while the future is threatened by the uncertainty of climate change and unsustainable development. In order to strengthen the country's resilience, a greater involvement of all segments of the community, especially the weakest layers, is needed and the management of natural risks should be included in a sustainable development plan.
