论文标题
在存在高阶相互作用的情况下合作的演变:从网络到超图
Evolution of Cooperation in the Presence of Higher-Order Interactions: from Networks to Hypergraphs
论文作者
论文摘要
许多实际系统的特征是集体合作现象,其存在和特性仍然需要令人满意的解释。与他们的集体性质相干,他们呼吁超越成对模型(例如图形),其中所有相互作用都被视为一次仅涉及两个人。 HyperGraphs响应了这一需求,提供了从对到较大组的系统的数学表示。在这项工作中,通过使用不同的超图,我们通过分析公共物品游戏的进化动态来研究群体互动如何影响结构化人群中合作的演变。在这里,我们表明,同样,网络互动也可以促进合作。更重要的是,通过研究策略生存条件的入侵分析,我们展示了在结构性的人群中,如何随着相互作用的秩序的增加而预计玩家之间的互惠会增长。这是由于联系的异质性,尤其是由于人口中的枢纽的存在。我们的分析是通过高阶相互作用研究进化动力学的第一步,并洞悉了为什么在异质高阶结构中加强合作。最后,它还提供了有关与相互作用模式的结构特性相关的合作和非合作行为共存的线索。
Many real systems are strongly characterized by collective cooperative phenomena whose existence and properties still need a satisfactory explanation. Coherently with their collective nature, they call for new and more accurate descriptions going beyond pairwise models, such as graphs, in which all the interactions are considered as involving only two individuals at a time. Hypergraphs respond to this need, providing a mathematical representation of a system allowing from pairs to larger groups. In this work, through the use of different hypergraphs, we study how group interactions influence the evolution of cooperation in a structured population, by analyzing the evolutionary dynamics of the public goods game. Here we show that, likewise network reciprocity, group interactions also promote cooperation. More importantly, by means of an invasion analysis in which the conditions for a strategy to survive are studied, we show how, in heterogeneously-structured populations, reciprocity among players is expected to grow with the increasing of the order of the interactions. This is due to the heterogeneity of connections and, particularly, to the presence of individuals standing out as hubs in the population. Our analysis represents a first step towards the study of evolutionary dynamics through higher-order interactions, and gives insights into why cooperation in heterogeneous higher-order structures is enhanced. Lastly, it also gives clues about the co-existence of cooperative and non-cooperative behaviors related to the structural properties of the interaction patterns.