论文标题
三维等距张量网络
Three-dimensional isometric tensor networks
论文作者
论文摘要
张量网络状态有望是一类有趣的量子多体波函数的良好表示。但是,在较高的维度中,它们的效用受到收缩网络的难度严重限制,这是计算量子期望值所需的操作。在这里,我们介绍了一种三维等量张量网络的时间进化方法,该网络尊重等距结构,因此通过特殊的规范形式使收缩简单。我们的方法涉及一个四面体位点切割,该位点切割允许在简单的立方晶格中移动嵌入式树张量网络的正交性中心。使用假想的时间进化来找到整个相图中3D横向场ISING模型基态的等距张量网络表示,我们对该方法进行了系统的基准研究,与精确的Lanczos和量子蒙特卡洛结果相比。我们表明,所获得的能量与精确的地面结果相匹配,在铁磁和偏振相中非常深入,而接近临界点的机制需要更大的键尺寸。这种行为与二维情况相比,我们还讨论了以进行比较。
Tensor network states are expected to be good representations of a large class of interesting quantum many-body wave functions. In higher dimensions, their utility is however severely limited by the difficulty of contracting the tensor network, an operation needed to calculate quantum expectation values. Here we introduce a method for the time-evolution of three-dimensional isometric tensor networks which respects the isometric structure and therefore renders contraction simple through a special canonical form. Our method involves a tetrahedral site-splitting which allows to move the orthogonality center of an embedded tree tensor network in a simple cubic lattice to any position. Using imaginary time-evolution to find an isometric tensor network representation of the ground state of the 3D transverse field Ising model across the entire phase diagram, we perform a systematic benchmark study of this method in comparison with exact Lanczos and quantum Monte Carlo results. We show that the obtained energy matches the exact groundstate result accurately deep in the ferromagnetic and polarized phases, while the regime close to the critical point requires larger bond dimensions. This behavior is in close analogy with the two-dimensional case, which we also discuss for comparison.