论文标题

通过离散的调味对称性将三位一体扩展到标量扇区

Extending Trinity to the Scalar Sector through Discrete Flavoured Symmetries

论文作者

Alves, João M., Botella, Francisco J., Branco, Gustavo C., Nebot, Miguel

论文摘要

我们猜想基本标量与费米子之间存在关系,这使得它存在三个希格斯双重峰的存在。我们介绍了三位一体原理(TP),鉴于没有无质量的夸克,它需要至少三个希格斯双重速度。 TP指出,给定电荷的夸克的质量矩阵的每一线应从一个和只有一个标量双线量获得贡献,此外,给定的标量双线应为给定电荷的夸克的质量矩阵的一条和只有一条线。该原理类似于Glashow和Weinberg的自然风味保护(NFC),其关键区别是NFC需要引入风味盲对象,而TP则需要以自然方式实现风味对称性。我们提供了两个示例,这些例子基于$ \ mathbb {z} _3 $和$ \ mathbb {z} _2 \ times \ times \ times \ mathbb {z} _2'$调味的对称性真空,不需要软性术语。我们表明,与实验一致的真空阶段足以生成复杂的CKM基质。上述风味的对称性导致Yukawa相互作用中参数数量的大大减少,从而可以控制标量变化的中性耦合(SFCNC)。我们分析了这两个模型的其他一些物理含义,包括对新的CP违规来源提供的宇宙不对称性增强的估计,以及对其树级SFCNC强度的讨论。

We conjecture the existence of a relation between elementary scalars and fermions, making it plausible the existence of three Higgs doublets. We introduce a Trinity Principle (TP) which, given the fact that there are no massless quarks, requires the existence of a minimum of three Higgs doublets. The TP states that each line of the mass matrix of a quark of a given charge should receive the contribution from one and only one scalar doublet and furthermore a given scalar doublet should contribute to one and only one line of the mass matrix of a quark of a given charge. This principle is analogous to the Natural Flavour Conservation (NFC) of Glashow and Weinberg with the key distinction that NFC required the introduction of a flavour blind symmetry, while the TP requires a flavoured symmetry, to be implemented in a natural way. We provide two examples which satisfy the Trinity Principle based on $\mathbb{Z}_3$ and $\mathbb{Z}_2\times\mathbb{Z}_2'$ flavoured symmetries, and show that they are the minimal multi-Higgs extensions of the Standard Model where CP can be imposed as a symmetry of the full Lagrangian and broken by the vacuum, without requiring soft-breaking terms. We show that the vacuum phases are sufficient to generate a complex CKM matrix, in agreement with experiment. The above mentioned flavoured symmetries lead to a strong reduction in the number of parameters in the Yukawa interactions, enabling a control of the Scalar Flavour Changing Neutral Couplings (SFCNC). We analyse some of the other physical implications of the two models, including an estimate of the enhancement of the Baryon Asymmetry of the Universe provided by the new sources of CP violation, and a discussion of the the strength of their tree-level SFCNC.

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