论文标题
动态多动力电容车辆路由问题的量子退火方法
A Quantum Annealing Approach for Dynamic Multi-Depot Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem
论文作者
论文摘要
量子退火(QA)是一种基于绝热量子计算原理(AQC)原理起作用的量子计算算法,并且与经典算法相比,它在解决组合优化问题(例如车辆路由问题(VRP))方面已显示出显着的计算优势。本文提出了一种质量检查方法,用于求解一种称为多动力电容的车辆路由问题(MDCVRP)的变体VRP。这是NP坚硬的优化问题,它在运输,物流和供应链管理领域的现实应用程序中。我们认为具有不同能力的异质仓库和车辆。鉴于一组异类仓库,每个仓库中的车辆数量,异构仓库/车辆容量以及一组空间分布的客户位置,MDCVRP试图识别满足能力约束的各种车辆的路线,例如服务所有客户。我们将MDCVRP建模为二次无约束的二进制优化(QUBO)问题,它可以最大程度地减少所有仓库中所有车辆所传播的总距离。此外,我们为MDCVRP的动态版本制定了QUBO模型,称为D-MDCVRP,该模型涉及将车辆的动态重新路由到实时客户请求。我们讨论了从D-Wave量量子退火硬件解决MDCVRP和D-MDCVRP的问题复杂性和解决方案方法。
Quantum annealing (QA) is a quantum computing algorithm that works on the principle of Adiabatic Quantum Computation (AQC), and it has shown significant computational advantages in solving combinatorial optimization problems such as vehicle routing problems (VRP) when compared to classical algorithms. This paper presents a QA approach for solving a variant VRP known as multi-depot capacitated vehicle routing problem (MDCVRP). This is an NP-hard optimization problem with real-world applications in the fields of transportation, logistics, and supply chain management. We consider heterogeneous depots and vehicles with different capacities. Given a set of heterogeneous depots, the number of vehicles in each depot, heterogeneous depot/vehicle capacities, and a set of spatially distributed customer locations, the MDCVRP attempts to identify routes of various vehicles satisfying the capacity constraints such as that all the customers are served. We model MDCVRP as a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problem, which minimizes the overall distance traveled by all the vehicles across all depots given the capacity constraints. Furthermore, we formulate a QUBO model for dynamic version of MDCVRP known as D-MDCVRP, which involves dynamic rerouting of vehicles to real-time customer requests. We discuss the problem complexity and a solution approach to solving MDCVRP and D-MDCVRP on quantum annealing hardware from D-Wave.