论文标题
没有预订：第一次看亚马逊的保留实例市场
No Reservations: A First Look at Amazon's Reserved Instance Marketplace
论文作者
论文摘要
云用户可以长期保留虚拟机（VM）（1或3年），而不是按需收购它们，从而大大降低其成本（最多60 \％）。不幸的是，保留VM会使用户暴露于\ emph {需求风险}，如果他们的预期未来需求未实现，则可能会增加成本。由于长时间的准确预测需求具有挑战性，因此用户通常会限制其对保留VM的使用。为了减轻需求风险，亚马逊经营一个保留的实例市场（RIM），用户可以以其设定的价格公开列出其VM预订的剩余时间。 RIM使用户能够通过销售VM预订的需求发生变化，或购买变量和较短的VM预订来限制需求风险，以更好地符合其需求预测范围。显然，轮辋减轻需求风险的潜力是其价格特征的函数。但是，据我们所知，历史篮筐价格既未公开可用也没有分析。为了解决这个问题，我们在所有69个可用性区域和亚马逊弹性计算云（EC2）中的所有69个可用性区域和22个区域中一直在监视和归档轮辋价格。本文首先介绍了此数据及其对成本有效提供云基础架构的影响。
Cloud users can significantly reduce their cost (by up to 60\%) by reserving virtual machines (VMs) for long periods (1 or 3 years) rather than acquiring them on demand. Unfortunately, reserving VMs exposes users to \emph{demand risk} that can increase cost if their expected future demand does not materialize. Since accurately forecasting demand over long periods is challenging, users often limit their use of reserved VMs. To mitigate demand risk, Amazon operates a Reserved Instance Marketplace (RIM) where users may publicly list the remaining time on their VM reservations for sale at a price they set. The RIM enables users to limit demand risk by either selling VM reservations if their demand changes, or purchasing variable- and shorter-term VM reservations that better match their demand forecast horizon. Clearly, the RIM's potential to mitigate demand risk is a function of its price characteristics. However, to the best of our knowledge, historical RIM prices have neither been made publicly available nor analyzed. To address the problem, we have been monitoring and archiving RIM prices for 1.75 years across all 69 availability zones and 22 regions in Amazon's Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2). This paper provides a first look at this data and its implications for cost-effectively provisioning cloud infrastructure.
